Healthy Heart And Lungs Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is blood composed of?
Blood is composed of different types of cells floating in a liquid called Plasma.
What does blood contain?
It contains red blood cells, white blood cells and smaller particles called platelets.
What is the function of the red blood cells?
Red blood cells transport oxygen attached to the pigment haemoglobin.
What are white blood cells part of?
The immune system.
What is the function of white blood cells?
They destroy bacteria and foreign particles eg. viruses.
How many types of white blood cells are there?
Two.
What are the two main types of white blood cells?
They are called phagocytes and lymphocytes.
How do phagocytes carry out phagocytosis?
By engulfing bacteria.
What do lymphocytes do?
They produce specific antibodies that destroy viruses.
What do Antibodies have to destroy viruses?
They have specific complementary binding sites for only one type of foreign particle eg. viruses.
What do vaccines do?
Vaccines allow a dead or altered form of the foreign particle (virus) to be introduced into the body so the immune system recognises it on exposure.
What is the function of the platelets?
Platelets help the blood to clot and reduce bleeding.
What is the function of the heart?
The function of the heart is to pump blood around the body.
What is the heart made of and does continuously?
The heart is made of cardiac muscle and pumps continuously.
How many chambers does the heart have?
Four.
What are the four chambers of the heart?
The right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium and the left ventricle.
What can pulse be?
Pulse can be a health indicator.
How can someone’s heart rate be high or low?
The fitter the person, the lower the resting rate.
How healthy is a very high pulse rate?
A very high pulse rate is unhealthy and can lead to heart disease or a stroke.
What can be used as a low tech method to measure pulse rate?
A stop watch and fingertips or stethoscope can be used as a low tech method to measure pulse rate.
What can be used as a high tech method?
A pulsometer or heart rate monitor linked to a computer can be used as a high tech method of measuring pulse rate.
What is the function of the arteries?
The arteries carry blood away from the heart.
What is the function of the veins?
Veins carry blood back to the heart.
Why do veins contain valves?
Veins contain valves which prevent the backflow of blood.
