Heaoth And Lifestyle Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the definition of a ‘nutrient’?
A nutrient is a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
Nutrients are typically categorized into macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals).
What are the functions of carbohydrates in our diet?
Carbohydrates provide energy, support brain function, and are important for the metabolism of fats.
Carbohydrates can be classified as simple sugars or complex carbohydrates.
What are the functions of lipids in our diet?
Lipids provide energy, support cell structure, and aid in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
Lipids include fats, oils, and cholesterol.
What are the functions of proteins in our diet?
Proteins are essential for growth, repair of tissues, and the production of enzymes and hormones.
Proteins are made up of amino acids.
What are the functions of vitamins in our diet?
Vitamins support various biochemical functions, including metabolism, immunity, and bone health.
Vitamins are classified into water-soluble and fat-soluble.
What are the functions of minerals in our diet?
Minerals are important for bone health, fluid balance, and muscle function.
Examples include calcium, potassium, and iron.
What is the function of fibre in our diet?
Fibre aids in digestion, regulates blood sugar levels, and supports heart health.
Fibre can be soluble or insoluble.
What factors can affect a balanced diet?
A balanced diet can depend on:
* Age
* Gender
* Activity level
* Health conditions
Nutritional needs can vary significantly among individuals.
How can an unhealthy diet cause health issues?
An unhealthy diet can lead to obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and other chronic conditions.
Poor dietary choices often result in nutrient deficiencies.
What do positive or negative results in food tests indicate?
Positive results indicate the presence of a certain nutrient, while negative results indicate its absence.
Color changes are often used to signify these results.
Why do different people require different amounts of energy?
Energy requirements vary based on factors such as age, gender, and activity level.
Energy calculations can help determine individual needs.
Why is food digestion necessary?
Food needs to be digested to break down nutrients into forms that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
This process allows the body to utilize nutrients effectively.
What are the parts of the digestive system?
The parts of the digestive system include:
* Mouth
* Esophagus
* Stomach
* Small intestine
* Large intestine
* Rectum
* Anus
Each part has a specific function in the digestion process.
What is the role of the liver in digestion?
The liver produces bile, which helps in the digestion and absorption of fats.
The liver also processes nutrients absorbed from the small intestine.
How is the small intestine adapted for nutrient absorption?
The small intestine has a large surface area due to villi and microvilli, maximizing nutrient absorption.
This structure increases the efficiency of nutrient uptake.
How do enzymes affect the rate of digestion?
Enzymes speed up the biochemical reactions that break down food into absorbable nutrients.
Different enzymes are specific to different types of nutrients.
How can drugs and alcohol affect health and behavior?
Drugs and alcohol can impair judgment, lead to addiction, and cause physical health problems.
The effects can vary based on the substance and individual factors.
What are the short-term effects of alcohol?
Short-term effects include impaired coordination, reduced inhibitions, and altered mood.
These effects can vary based on the amount consumed.
What are the long-term effects of alcohol?
Long-term effects can include liver disease, addiction, and neurological damage.
Chronic alcohol use can have severe health consequences.
What are the effects of nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar in cigarette smoke?
Effects include increased heart rate, reduced oxygen delivery, and respiratory issues.
These substances contribute to the harmful effects of smoking.
How can smoking cause disease?
Smoking can lead to diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disorders.
The harmful chemicals in smoke damage tissues and organs.
What is the definition of a ‘nutrient’?
A nutrient is a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
Nutrients are typically categorized into macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals).
What are the functions of carbohydrates in our diet?
Carbohydrates provide energy, support brain function, and are important for the metabolism of fats.
Carbohydrates can be classified as simple sugars or complex carbohydrates.
