Hearing And Equilibrium

Question 1

What is hearing?

Answer 1

The response to vibrating air molecules

Question 2

What is equilibrium?

Answer 2

Sense of motion and balance

Question 3

What is the pitch of a sound?

Answer 3

The frequency of vibrations in hertz

Question 4

What does sound produce in the ear?

Answer 4

Zone of compression and zone of rarefaction that cause collisions

Question 5

What is the loudness of a sound?

Answer 5

The amplitude of sound vibrations

Question 6

What is the anatomy of the outer ear?

Answer 6

It is made up of pinna on outside then auditory canal leading into ear. It also has secretions and dead cells that make up earwax

Question 7

What is the anatomy of the middle ear?

Answer 7

Has eardrum (tympanic membrane) and has 3 smallest bones and 2 smallest skeletal muscle of the body

Question 8

What are the 3 auditory ossicles in the ear?

Answer 8

Malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) and stapes (stirrup)

Question 9

What is the anatomy of the inner ear?

Answer 9

Is made up of bony labyrinth that contains organs of equilibrium, semicircular canals, and organ of hearing (cochlea)

Question 10

What does the semicircular canals of the inner ear do?

Answer 10

Helps with balance

Question 11

What does the auditory nerve do?

Answer 11

Sends signals to brain

Question 12

What is the snail-like spiral with 3 fluid filled chambers in the inner ear?

Answer 12

Cochlea

Question 13

What are vibrations changed to in cochlea?

Answer 13

Nerve impulses

Question 14

Which organ in the ear contains outer hair cells with hairs (stereocilia)?

Answer 14

Organ of corti

Question 15

What rests on top of the organ of corti?

Answer 15

Gelatinous tectorial membrane

Question 16

What happens at the base of the cells in organ of corti?

Answer 16

They synapse with nerve fibres

Question 17

How does sound travel through the organ of corti?

Answer 17

Sound bends hairs this then depolarises cells which indices an action potential that is conducted to CNS which is translated in cerebral cortex as sound

Question 18

What is the middle section of the cochlea called?

Answer 18

Endolymph

Question 19

What are the two structures that make up the perilymphs either side of the endolymph of the cochlea?

Answer 19

The scala vestibuli and the scala tympani

Question 20

What is the membrane that surrounds the scala tympani?

Answer 20

The basilar membrane

Question 21

What is the membrane that surrounds the scala vestibuli?

Answer 21

Reissners membrane

Question 22

What do the receptors for equilibrium in the ear constitute?

Answer 22

The vestibular apparatus

Question 23

What are the 3 semicircular ducts responsible for?

Answer 23

One for movement and 2 chambers (saccule and utricle) that are responsible for position, acceleration or deceleration

Question 24

What can be found in each chamber of the middle ear?

Answer 24

Patch of hair cells called macula

Question 25

What is one vertical hair cell in the chambers of the ear called?

Answer 25

Macula sacculi

Question 26

What is one horizontal hair cell in the chambers of the ear called?

Answer 26

Macula utriculi

Question 27

What is the structure in the middle ear that has stereocilia tips embedded in it?

Answer 27

Gelatinous otolithic membrane

Question 28

What is the cochlea?

Answer 28

The peripheral organ of our auditory system

Question 29

What do the semicircular canals do?

Answer 29

Transducer rotational movements

Question 30

What do the otoliths do?

Answer 30

Transducer linear accelerations

Question 31

What does the endolymph attic sac do?

Answer 31

It contains only fluid

Question 32

What are semicircular ducts stimulated by?

Answer 32

Rotation of head in different planes

Question 33

What are the semicircular ducts filled with?

Answer 33

Endolymph

Question 34

What is the ampulla?

Answer 34

A dilated sac at one end of each semicircular duct