Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Ear - Clinical Medicine IV > Hearing Loss > Flashcards

Hearing Loss Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

How many newborns have profound hearing loss?

A

1/800 to 1/1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the pathway for conductive phase of hearing?

A

external ear to middle ear
vibration of TM -> ossicular chain malleus –> incus –> stapes –> oval window mvmt –> fluid waves go into vestiblue and cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pathway for sensoineural phase?

A

fluid wave inside chochlea causes displace of hair cells on BM –> electric signal –> cochlear nerve to brainsem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the labyrinth do?

A

vertigo and loss of balance, semicircular canals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the input regarding center of gravity and linear motion?

A

otoconia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the conductive hearing?

A

external and middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens with damage past oval window?

A

sensioneural issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the most common causes of hearing impairment?

A

impaction, eustachian tube dysfunction and increased age (presbycusis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When should hearing screenings start?

A

at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who gets screened?

A

sudden loss, kids at school age, at birth, pt over 50 yo, occupational, adults complaining of hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can you tell if newborn has hearing loss?

A

doesn’t respond to voice in 1st wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What could delayed motor development signal?

A

vestibular deficits that are often sensorineural hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are things you should exam on external ear with hearing loss?

A

obstruction, infection, congential malformations, perforation of TM, otitis media, cholesteatoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What neurological exams do you do?

A

CN function, balance, facial weakness, taste functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are landmarks on otoscope?

A

umbo, cone of light, malleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the test where you place a 512 hz or 1024 hz on midline of head? Pt says which ear is louder

A

Weber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does the weber test present for unilateral conductive hearing loss?

A

tone is louder in ear with hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does weber test present for unilateral sensorineural hearing loss?

A

louder in normal ear, stims both inner ears equally but pt perceives stimulus with unaffected ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the test for hearing by bone and air conduction, stem of a vibrating fork is held against mastoid then moved to pinna?

A

Rinne test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is normal Rinne test?

A

AC>BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is conductive hearing loss in Rinne test?

A

BC>AC - rinne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

AC and BC reduce but AC>BC. + rinne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is an audiogram?

A

controlled test of hearing, sound proof booth and give tones and clicker, chart it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is normal hearing in audiogram?

A

> 20-25 decibals - loudness

through all frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the types of hearing loss?
conductive, sensori-neural, mixed, non-organic
26
What is a tympanogram?
tells if conductive hearing loss due to eustachian tube, where is the issue
27
What is the procedure for tympanogram?
put prob in ear, creates sucking, puts pressure and moves eardrum and records
28
Where do you want the peak in a tympanogram?
around 0 peak
29
What if a tympanogram is flat?
type B - Effusion no movement or perforation
30
How do you differentiate tympanogram flat?
large ear canal volume + flat = hole | Normal ear volume + flat = effusion
31
What is negative type C tympanogram?
retraction with eustachian tube closure
32
What is positive type C tympanogram?
pt is constantly popping ears and gets hypermobile, not common
33
What occurs from a dysfunction in transmitting sound of the outer or middle ear?
conductive hearing loss
34
What is conductive hearing loss deficit?
loudness only
35
How do these pt present?
soft voice, excellent speech discrimination when loud enough, low frequency or flat hearing loss
36
What happens in conductive hearing loss?
bone conduction = ability to hear | Air conduction = actual hearing
37
What are the causes of conductive hearing loss?
occlusion/foreign body, congential atresia, otitis externa
38
What is the most common cause of treatable hearing loss?
cerumen impaction
39
When can you have permanent conductive hearing loss?
destruction of ossicles with otitis media
40
What are characteristics of SNHL?
inappropriately loud voice, tinnitus, high frequency less common, speech sounds distorted, background noise makes it difficult to listen
41
What is the tx for SNHL?
hearing aids
42
How do you describe a SNHL audiogram?
rate it normal to moderate ect
43
What area is of concern with SNHL?
2000 Hz
44
What are causes of SNHL?
ototoxic drugs, ID, congenital, Head trauma, Presbycusis, Meniere's disease, Acoustic neuroma, AI, Labyrinthitis, Noise exposure
45
What is the noise notch?
audiogram 4000 Hz dip
46
What is the onset of NIHL?
sudden in trauma, but more is gradual
47
What is the fainest sound?
0
48
What is whisper or quiet library?
30
49
What is normal conversation?
60
50
What is a lawnmover, shop tools, truck traffic?
90
51
How long can you max exposure to 90 hz?
8 hrs
52
What is chainsaw, pneumatic, snowmobile and whats the max time?
100 hz, 2 h/day
53
What is sandblasting, loud rock concerts and time limit?
115 hz, 15 min
54
What are the characteristics of NIHL?
affects 3000-6000 Hz first Bilateral and symmetric Tinnitus Reduce speech comprehension
55
Why do you get high frequency loss before low?
little hairs at front of hearing cochlea
56
What are vowels?
low tone, 90% speech
57
What are consonants?
high tones, give meaning
58
What are the 4 Ps of NIHL?
painless, progressive, permanent, preventable
59
What is the management of SNHL?
permanent and untreatable, hearing aids
60
What is the most common cause of SNHL?
idiopathic
61
What is the characteristics of sudden SNHL?
62
What is the requirement for sudden SNHL?
hearing loss in 2 contingous frequencies of at least 20-30 dB
63
What is sudden SNHL?
OTOLOGIC EMERGENCY
64
When do most sudden SNHL occur?
first 2 weeks but recovery decreases with longer the loss
65
How do you evalulate sudden SNHL?
``` otoscopy, head and neck exam, CN exam audiogram and tympanogram Vestibular tests is present MRI IAC/Brain with contrast ABR if only mild/moderate severity of loss Routine labs not typical ```
66
What is dysfunction of inner ear or auditory nerve that is usually permanent and untreatable?
SNHL - loudness deficit and distorted hearing
67
What are the ID causes of SNHL?
mumps, measles, meningitis, CMV
68
What are the ototoxic drugs that cause SNHL?
aminoglycosides, erythromycin, vanco, chem, quinine, ASA, loop diuretics
69
What head trauma causes SNHL?
temporal bone fracture
70
What is the treatment for sudden SNHL?
refer - steroids mainstay Prednisone PO 60 mg 7 d followed by 9 day taper Intratympanic injection of steroids
71
When do you give intra tympanic injections?
when 1 wk of PO not working Dexamethasone 24 mg/mL 3 injections, 1 wk apart
72
When does sudden SNHL pt return to baseline?
3-4 months post event
73
What could cause unilateral SNHL?
sudden SNHL
74
What is hearing loss with no medical or physical reason and may be voluntary or involuntary?
non organic hearing loss
75
What is consciously faking or exaggerating a hearing impairment for monetary or personal gain to escape responsibility or anti-establishment?
malingering
76
What are symptoms that can alert you to malingering?
substantial equal hearing loss at all frequencies or no response to pure tones inconsistent results - unilateral exaggerated attention to test
77
What is central hearing loss involve?
CNS (cortex, brainstem or scending auditory pathway)
78
What is central hearing loss associated with?
neurological disorders - MS, tumors
79
What occurs as usually low frequency or flat, affects outer and or middle ear, usually temporary or medically/surgical treatable?
conductive hearing loss
80
What is high freuqency loss, affects inner ear, usually permanent?
SNHL
81
What usually affects both high and low frequencies, both conductive and SN but only conductive treatable?
Mixed hearing loss
82
What is typically flat loss or total deafness in one ear, exaggerate a true loss, may be involuntary, prior results best clue?
non-organic hearing loss
83
What is hearing for pure tones often normal, problem btw cochlea and cortex?
central hearing loss

Ear - Clinical Medicine IV (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions