heart Flashcards
(28 cards)
order of the circulatory system
vena cava right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary veins left atrium left ventricle aorta
order of the digestive tract
mouth/teeth oesophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus
order of the respiratory system
nose/mouth pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli
order of the excretory system
aorta kidneys ureters bladder urethra
excretion
the process of removing waste
what makes up urine
salt, water & urea
organs in the digestive system
mouth and teeth oesophagus stomach liver gall bladder pancreas small intestine large intestine rectum anus
what do the liver and the gall bladder do
the liver produces bile and the gall bladder stores it
what are the three blood vessels
arteries
veins
capillaries
artery
takes blood away from the heart
oxygenated
vein
carry blood to the heart
deoxygenated
capillary
one cell thick
allows substances to pass in and out of the blood
valves
prevent backflow of blood which allows the veins to get blood back to the heart
which side of the heart is thickest and why
the left side because it has to pump blood around the body
what is ammonia
ammonia is a toxic chemical in the blood
what is urea
when metabolism occurs, ammonia is turned into urea in the liver
organs of the excretory system
kidneys
liver
lungs
skin
nephrons
tiny structures in the kidneys that filter the blood
valve disease
may narrow from scarring (stenosis)
may leak (regurgitation or insufficiency)
may not close properly (prolapse)
atherosclerosis
the build-up of plaque on the inside of arteries resulting in the restriction of blood flow
(if the artery is in the heart a heart attack will follow)
coronary heart disease
fatty deposits blocking important blood vessels
pericarditis
if the pericardium (the thin sac surrounding the heart) gets infected it fills with fluid. as a result, the heart cannot beat and this restricts the heart from filling up with blood
lub dub sound
the valve between the atrium and the ventricle closes (lub) and the valve between the ventricle and the aorta closes (dub)
stenosis
when valves become narrow from scarring
