Heart

Question 1

Innvervation and blood supply of the fibrous pericardium.

Answer 1

Pericardial and pericardiocophrenic A.

Phrenic and autnomics

Question 2

Order of the layers surrouding the heart

Answer 2

1. fibrous pericardium

2. Serous pericardium (3 layers, parietal layer and visceral layer)

Question 3

Innvervation of the parietal pericardium layer

Answer 3

Phrenic nerve

Question 4

Embryologic precursor for the fibrous pericardium

Answer 4

Pleuro-pericardial membrane

Question 5

Describe the Pericardial Sinuses

Answer 5

2 reflection sites of the serous pericardiu where the parietal and visceral layers are continuous

• Transverse pericardial sinus is behind the arterires
• Oblique pericardial sinus is at the veines behind Left atrium

Question 6

Describe the Apex of the heart

Answer 6

Primarily formed by the left ventricle and protrudes in the left 5th intercostal space

Question 7

Pericardiocentesis is best performed where?

Answer 7

Xyphoid process and costal margine or in the left 5th intercostal space.
The needle would past through the fibrous PC then the serous parietal pericardium
- fluid builds in between the serous layers, parietal and visceral pericardium

Question 8

Describe the base of the heart

Answer 8

primarily the left atrium against the thoracic vertebrae

Question 9

The surfaces of the heart:

Answer 9

Base, Apex, Sternal costal (anterior), (inferior) Diaphgramatic and pulmonary (left, creates cardiac notch)

Question 10

Heart Borders:

Answer 10

Superior: Left and right atria
Inferior: nearly horizontal mostly right ventricle, separates sternal costal surface from diaphragmatic
Left: long, formed by left ventricle to the apex, separates sternal costal from pulmonary surface
right: right atrium.

Question 11

Name the external structure that separates the atria and ventricles

Answer 11

The coronary (atrioventricular) sulcus

Question 12

External structure separating the left and right ventricles

Answer 12

Posterior and Anterior Interventricular groove

Question 13

Intercostal space of the Apex

Answer 13

left 5th intercostal space

Question 14

List opening into the Right atrium

Answer 14

superior vena cava
Coronary Sinus (vein draining the heart)
inferior vena cava

Question 15

The structure separating the smoothe and aterior pectinate muscles of the right atrium

Answer 15

Crista terminalis

Question 16

The location of the Fossa Ovalis

Answer 16

Interatrial septum

Question 17

Name the valve of the right atrium to right ventrical and associated muscles and tends

Answer 17

Tricuspid
Papillary muscles
Corda tendonea

Question 18

Name the valve from the left atrium to the left ventrical

Answer 18

Bicuspid or mitral

Question 19

Name the “rough muscles” of the ventricle walls

Answer 19

Trabeulae careae

Question 20

Additional structure of the right ventricle only

Answer 20

Septomarginal trabecula

AKA Moderator band, from interventricular septum to papillary muscle

Question 21

Blood leaving the right ventricle passes through the _____ valve into the ______.

Answer 21

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary arteries.

Question 22

Out flow portion of the right ventricle is called the _____.

Answer 22

Conus arteriosus

Question 23

From the lungs, blood reenters the heart from the _____ in the ______

Answer 23

pulmonary veins into the left atrium.

Question 24

Name the smooth outlfow portion of the Left ventricle…

Answer 24

The aortic vestibule

Question 25

Blood travels from the left ventricle through the _____ valve to get to the ______

Answer 25

- Aortic semilunar valve | - Ascending Aorta

Question 26

Right fibrous trigone connects:

Answer 26

ascending Aorta and both valves (mitral and tri)

Question 27

Left fibrous trigone connects:

Answer 27

Mitral valve and ascending aorita

Question 28

Tendon in between pulmonary trunk and the aorta

Answer 28

Tendon of the conus ateriosus

Question 29

Two major ateries of the heart from the ascending aorta

Answer 29

Left and right coronary artery

Question 30

Left coronary artery- first branch is called____ and travels in the ______

Answer 30

Anterior ventricular artery (AKA left anterior descending LAD) Anterior ventricular groove

Question 31

Branch of the Anterior ventricular artery..

Answer 31

Diagonal branch

Question 32

The left coronary atery continues around the heart as the ______ artery, traveling in the ________.

Answer 32

Circumflex artery in the atrioventrical sulcus

Question 33

The first branch of the right coronary artery

Answer 33

Nodal Artery of the SA node

Question 34

Second branch of the right coronary artery

Answer 34

Marginal artery

Question 35

3rd branch of the right coronary arterior

Answer 35

posterior interventricular artery (Right posterior descending artery). If this artery comes from the right coronary artery, it is right side dominant!

Question 36

The vein that travels with the anterior interventricular artery

Answer 36

Great cardiac vein

Question 37

The posterior interventricular aterior runs with the ____ vein

Answer 37

Middle cardiac vein

Question 38

The Marginal Artery runs with the ___ vein

Answer 38

Small Cardiac vein

Question 39

Major veins of the heart drain into the

Answer 39

Coronary Sinus- which dumps into the right atrium

Question 40

Anterior cardiac veins dump directly into the______

Answer 40

Right atrium

Question 41

Innvervation of the heart | Sympathetics and parasympathetics.

Answer 41

Cardiac plexus is a mix of autonomic motor and visceral afferent nevers. Sympathetics come from the level of T1-T4 Parasympatheticis come from vagus.

Question 42

Right Second intercostal space

Answer 42

Aortic Semilunar valve

Question 43

LEFT second intercostal space

Answer 43

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 44

Lower left body of the sternum

Answer 44

Tricuspid

Question 45

Left 5th intercostal Space

Answer 45

Mitral