Heart

Question 1

what part of the heart is connected to the mediastinum, pleura, and central tendon of the diaphragm?

Answer 1

fibrous pericardium

Question 2

the parietal serous pericardium is pain sensitive, what is the nerve that innervates it?

Answer 2

phrenic nerves

Question 3

the visceral serous pericardium is also known as the:

Answer 3

epicardium

Question 4

list all the surfaces and borders of the heart:

Answer 4

sternocostal surface (front), posterior surface (back), apex, right border, left border, superior surface, diaphragmatic surface (bottom)

Question 5

the most anterior chamber of the heart is the:

Answer 5

right ventricle

Question 6

the most lateral chambers of the heart are the:

Answer 6

left ventricle, right atrium

Question 7

the most posterior chamber of the heart is the:

Answer 7

left atrium

Question 8

the apex always points:

Answer 8

left

Question 9

each atrium has a

Answer 9

auricle

Question 10

typically, the pulmonary trunk is _____ to the aorta

Answer 10

anterior

Question 11

the right atrium receives blood from all but:

a) SVC and IVC
b) coronary sinus
c) venae cordis
d) cardiac veins
e) receives blood from all the above

Answer 11

e

Question 12

the right atrium has smooth walls except for the pectinate muscles which are directly under the _____.

Answer 12

auricle

Question 13

the crista terminalis is the origin of the _____ muscle. on the outside of the heart we can identify it by the _____ terminalis

Answer 13

pectinate, sulcus

Question 14

the fossa ovalis embryonically was the:

Answer 14

foramen ovale - hole between atrial walls

Question 15

true or false: the coronary sinus and the IVC both have valves

Answer 15

true

Question 16

around a valve, we have _____ ______ which attach to the ______ muscles

Answer 16

chordae tendonae, papillary

Question 17

why is the right ventricle roughened?

Answer 17

trabecular carneae

Question 18

the smooth parts of both ventricles are:

Answer 18

the interventricular septum, the infundibulum leading up to the valves

Question 19

true or false: the pulmonary valve is bicuspid

Answer 19

false: tricuspid

Question 20

there are typically ___ pulmonary arteries and ____ pulmonary veins

Answer 20

two, four

Question 21

the left atrioventricular valve is _____

Answer 21

bicuspid

Question 22

diastole is when the heart refills/empties and systole is when the heart refills/empties

Answer 22

refills, empties

diastole: relax
systole: contraction

Question 23

when do the coronary arteries fill with blood

Answer 23

during diastole

Question 24

the coronary sulcus is also known as the:

Answer 24

right atrioventricular groove

Question 25

the coronary sinus is found:

Answer 25

left atrium and drains into the right atrium

Question 26

the atrioventricular groove divides

Answer 26

atrium and ventricles

Question 27

true or false: the coronary sinus is usually fatty

Answer 27

false: coronary SULCUS

Question 28

the SA node is found on the _________ wall of the right atrium

Answer 28

anterolateral

Question 29

the AV node is found on the interatrial wall, above/below the coronary sinus

Answer 29

below

Question 30

sympathetic trunk ___ rate and force of contraction

Answer 30

increases

Question 31

parasympathetic trunk ___ rate and force of contraction

Answer 31

decreases