Heart and Mediastinum Imaging Flashcards
ABBCCDEEFF Checklist
Airways Breast shadows Bones Cardiac Silhoutte Costophrenic angles Diaphragm Edges Extrathoracic tissue Fields (lung) Failure
type A aortic dissection
affects ascending aorta and arch. will occlude great vessels and lead to stroke MI, Death. need surgery
type B aortic dissection
begins beyond brachiocephalic vessels. Can be medically managed by BP control
How to confirm aortic dissection
CXR and CT
CXR findings for dissection
widened mediastinum calcium sign obliterated aortic knob tracheal deviation pleural effusions
CT findings for dissection
huge aorta with dissection flap
Anterior Mediastinal contents
Famous 4 T's Thymoma Teratoma Terrible lymphoma Thyroid goiter
Middle Mediastinal Contents: what is your main concern?
lymph nodes!
Posterior mediastinum contents
DATES Descending aorta (aneurysm, dissection) Azygous vein Thoracic Duct Esophagus (foreign body) Sympathetic Trunk (nerve tumor)
Which pleura is highly sensitive to pain? parietal or visceral?
parietal
visceral has no sensory innervation
What is a deep sulcus sign and what is it commonly seen in?
deepened costophrenic angle, indicates pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax, which way will mediastinum shift?
away from the pneumothorax
What might you see on the diaphragm during tension pneumothorax?
flat ipsilateral hemidiaphragm
Where is an empyema located? Compared to a lung abscess?
pleural space. compared to a lung infection, which is within the lung parenchyma
Inside or outside lung? OBTUSE ANGLE
OUTSIDE
obtuse angles with chest wall
