Heart Development Flashcards
From where do the heart and vessel cells form and during which embryonic period?
Cardiogenic field during gastrulation
Where is the cardiogenic field located?
Cranial end of embryo
What happens to the cardiogenic field in the 3rd week?
Endocardial tubes form
What does embryonic folding do?
Lateral folding forms the primitive heart tube by bringing the Endocardial tubes together
Cephalocaudal folding moves this heart tube into the thoracic region
Describe the structure of the primitive heart tube
Linear
(Blood flows) Sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, bulbus cordis, truncus arteriosus, aortic roots
In what ways does the primitive heart tube “loop”?
Continued elongation leads to looping
Cephalic portion moves ventrally, caudally and right
Caudal portion moves dorsally, cranially and left
What does looping if the primitive heart tube achieve?
Cephalic inflow and outflow with inflow dorsal
How does the sinus venosus develop after looping?
Left sinus recedes and right sinus is absorbed by enlarging right atrium
The right atrium develops from
Primitive atrium
Sinus venosus
The left atrium develops from
Primitive atrium (minor) Proximal ends of pulmonary veins
Name the embryonic shunts that bypass the right ventricle, lungs, liver
Foramen ovale - right ventricle
Ductus arteriosus - lungs
Ductus venosus - liver
Describe the embryonic arrangement of the aorta
Bilaterally symmetrical series of 6 arches
How does the 4th aortic arch develop?
The right arch forms the proximal part of the right subclavian artery
The left arch forms the arch of aorta
How does the 6th aortic arch develop?
The right arch forms the right pulmonary artery
The left arch forms the left pulmonary artery and dictums arteriosus
The recurrent laryngeal nerves correspond to the 6th aortic arch. How does the development of the 6th aortic arch affect these nerves?
The right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops underneath the right subclavian artery
The left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops underneath the ductus arteriosus
