Heart Failure - PREP U Flashcards
Frequently, what is the earliest symptom of left-sided heart failure?
dyspnea on exertion
A nurse caring for a client recently admitted to the ICU observes the client coughing up large amounts of pink, frothy sputum. Lung auscultation reveals coarse crackles in the lower lobes bilaterally. Based on this assessment, the nurse recognizes this client is developing?
decompensated HF w/ pulmonary edema
due to the pink frothy sputum and auscultation pf course crackles
Which diagnostic study is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis of heart failure?
an echocardiogram
Why is assessing a patient’s LOC/sensorium an important part of assessment in heart failure?
because heart failure is affecting the amount of oxygen to the brain
what is the most significant clinical finding of right sided heart failure?
pitting edema
Which feature is the hallmark of systolic heart failure?
low ejection fraction
A nurse is caring for a client with left-sided heart failure. During the nurse’s assessment, the client is wheezing, restless, tachycardic, and has severe apprehension. The clients reports that these symptoms came on suddenly. The nurse knows that these are symptoms of what condition?
Acute Pulmonary Edema
which cardiac arrhythmia puts a patient most at risk for developing heart failure or results in heart failure?
A-fib
what breath sound is most commonly heard in patients with heart failure?
fine crackles
this is cause by fluid in the alveoli
-sudden dyspnea
-wheezing
-orthopnea
-restlessness
-cough
-pink frothy sputum
-cyanosis
-tachycardia
-severe apprehension
These symptoms indicate which condition?
Acute Pulmonary Edema
After withdrawal of pericardial fluid, what would show that tamponade has been relieved?
a decrease in CVP and increase in BP
______ ______ heart failure causes systemic venous congestion and a decrease in forward flow.
right sided
________ _______ heart failure causes an accumulation of blood in the lungs and a decrease in forward flow OR inadequate arterial flow to tissues due to decreased cardiac output.
left sided
Some patients with left-sided heart failure get episodes of dyspnea at night, known as __________ __________ ___________ .
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
How do you confirm placement after an intubation?
chest x-ray
Tachyarrhythmia’s, valvular disease and renal failure are all condition’s that can contribute to ________ ________ ___________?
chronic heart failure
___________ shock also may cause cold, clammy skin and generalized weakness, fatigue, and muscle pain as poor blood flow causes lactic acid to accumulate and prevents waste removal.
Cardiogenic
a regular heart rate of 120 beats per minute, audible third and fourth heart sounds, blood pressure of 84/64 mm Hg, bibasilar crackles on lung auscultation, and a urine output of 5 mL over the past hour; **these manifestations indicate…………
cardiogenic shock?
what drug is used to treat pulseless v tach?
amiodarone
