Heart of Yoga Flashcards
(207 cards)
1
Q
abhiniveśa
A
the source of fear, attachment to life, one of the kleśas
2
Q
abhyantara kumbhaka
A
holding the breath after inhaling
3
Q
abhyāsa
A
practice
4
Q
ācārya
A
teacher
5
Q
adhomukha śvānāsana
A
downward-facing dog pose
6
Q
advaita
A
nondualism
7
Q
agni
A
fire, one of the bhūtas
8
Q
agni sāra
A
a cleansing process using the “fire” of the human body to remove impurities
9
Q
ahamkāra
A
the sense of “I”
10
Q
ahiṁsā
A
noninjury, consideration, love; one of the yamas
11
Q
ākāśa
A
space; one of the bhūtas
12
Q
ānanda
A
a state of bliss
13
Q
ananta
A
without end
14
Q
aṅga
A
a “limb,” or aspect, of yoga
15
Q
antara
A
within, internal
16
Q
antaraṅga sādhana
A
internal practice in reference to Patañjali’s path of concentration (dhāraṇā), meditation (dhyāna), and integration (samādhi)
17
Q
antarāya
A
obstacle to a clear and stable mind
18
Q
anuloma ujjāyī prāṇāyāma
A
prāṇāyāma where one inhales with a sound in the throat (ujjāyī ) and exhales in a regulated way through alternate nostrils
19
Q
ap
A
water; one of the bhūtas
20
Q
apāna
A
dirt; the center in which bodily waste collects
21
Q
apāna-vāyu
A
the aspect of prāṇa responsible for excretion
22
Q
apānāsana
A
wind-relieving pose
23
Q
aparigraha
A
to receive exactly what is appropriate and no more; one of the yamas
24
Q
ardha padma paścimatānāsana
A
forward bending half-lotus pose
25
ardha utkaṭāsana
half-squat pose
26
artha
meaning, purpose
27
āsana
posture
28
asmitā
sense of ego; one of the kleśas
29
asmitā samādhi
the merging of the mind with the object of meditation
30
aṣṭāṅga
eight limbs. Aṣṭāṅga yoga is the eight limbs of yoga as explained by Patañjali in the second chapter of the Yoga Sūtra.
31
asteya
not coveting what belongs to others; one of the yamas
32
ātman
the self
33
avidyā
misapprehension, incorrect knowledge, false understanding, the most important of the kleśas
34
bahiraṅga
external limb
35
bahiraṅga sādhana
external practice that includes the first four limbs of aṣṭāṅga yoga
36
bāhya kumbhaka
holding the breath after exalation
37
bandha
to bind or lock
38
Bhagavad Gītā
a part of the epic Mahābhārata where Kṛṣṇa teaches yoga to Arjuna
39
bhakti
devotion
40
bhakti yoga
yoga in which devotion to God is prominent
41
bhastrika
bellows
42
bhastrika prāṇyāma
bellows breathing through alternate nostrils
43
bhujaṅgāsana
cobra pose
44
bhūtas
elements of space, air, light, water, and earth
45
brahmacarya
one of the yamas. Moving toward the highest modification of the senses, it is the state of life where the young student studies the sacred texts.
46
bṛmhaṇa
to expand
47
buddhi
intellect
48
cakras
energy centers along the spinal column
49
cakravākāsana
cat pose
50
cit
consciousness
51
citta
mind
52
citta vṛtti nirodha
mental state devoid of agitation
53
dana
to give away
54
darśana
one of the six classical points of view of Indian thought
55
deśa
place
56
dhanurāsana
bow pose
57
dhāraṇā
the state of mind in which the mind is oriented toward one point
58
dharma
duty, ethical value
59
dhyāna
meditation
60
dhyāna mudrā
gesture indicating meditation practice
61
dhyāta
one who is in the state of dhyāna
62
draṣṭṛ
the seer, that which sees
63
dṛśya
that which is seen
64
duḥkha
feeling of discomfort, pain
65
dveṣa
dislike, hatred; one of the kleśas
66
dvipāda pītham
table pose
67
eka pāda uttānāsana
a standing posture where the torso bends forward and one leg is lifted behind
68
ekāgratā
single direction, single mindedness
69
guṇas
qualities of the mind; qualities of the universe
70
halāsana
plow pose
71
hasta mudrā
hand symbol
72
haṭha yoga
yoga in which the aim is to unify the two energies of the ha (the left) and ṭha (the right) and merge them into suṣumṇā in the center of the spine; the merging of prāṇa and apāna into the center of the body, at the heart
73
Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā
a classical text on haṭha yoga
74
iḍā
a nādī that terminates at the left nostril
75
indriyas
senses
76
Īśvara
God or Lord
77
īśvarapraṇidhānā
to surrender and offer all actions to God, without attachment to the fruits of our action; one of the niyamas and a component of kriyā yoga
78
jālandhara bandha
chin lock
79
japa
repetition of mantra
80
jñāna yoga
yoga in which the emphasis is on inquiry
81
kaivalya
ultimate state of yoga, freedom
82
kapālabhātī prāṇāyāma
bellows breathing
83
kāraṇa
cause
84
karma yoga
yoga in which action is done as duty, without concern for success or failure
85
kleśa
afflication
86
kriyā
action
87
kriyā yoga
yoga of purifying action as taught by Patañjali
88
kṣipta
agitated mind
89
kumbhaka prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise in which emphasis is on the retention of the breath
90
kuṇḍalinī
the obstacle located in the center of the spine that obstructs the movement of prāṇa into suṣumṇā
91
laṅghana
to reduce
92
laya
to merge
93
līlā
the divine play
94
mahāmudrā
a classic sitting pose
95
mahat
the great principle
96
manas
the power behind the senses
97
mantra
a sacred sound, often used as the object of focus during meditation
98
matsyendāsana
half spinal twist
99
mṛgi mudrā
finger position to control the nostrils during prāṇāyāma
100
mūdha
dull state of mind
101
mudrā
symbol
102
mūla bandha
base-of-trunk lock
103
nāda
sound
104
nāḍī
subtle passage in the body through which prāṇa moves
105
nāḍī śodhana prāṇāyāma
alternate nostril breathing, bringing purification of the nāḍīs
106
nidrā
dreamless sleep
107
nimitta kāraṇa
intelligent cause, catalyst
108
nirodha
restraint, state in which the mind focuses totally on one thing
109
niyama
personal discipline
110
om
a representation of Īśvara
111
padmāsana
lotus pose
112
pariṇāmaduḥkha
duḥkha arising from change
113
pariṇāmavāda
the recognition that all we perceive is subject to change
114
parivṛtti
redirection, reorientation
115
pārśva uttānāsana
a standing pose with one leg forward and the trunk folded on it
116
paścimatānāsana
seated forward bend
117
piṅgalā
nāḍī that terminates at the right nostril
118
pradhāna
original source
119
prajñā
clear understanding in the spiritual field
120
prakṛti
matter
121
pramāṇa
right perception
122
prāṇā
life-force energy
123
prāṇa vāyu
one of the five main life energies
124
prāṇava
mystic syllable that represents Īśvara
125
prāṇāyāma
regulated breathing technique
126
prasarita pada uttānāsana
standing posture with the torso bent forward between the legs
127
pratikriyāsana
counterpose
128
pratyāhāra
withdrawal of the senses
129
pūraka prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise in which the emphasis is on the inhalation
130
pūruśa
source of consciousness, perceiver
131
rāga
attachment or desire; one of the kleśas
132
rajas
the quality of prakṛti responsible for activity
133
rāja yoga
yoga in which union with the highest power is the goal; the yoga of Patañjali
134
recaka prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise in which the emphasis is on the exhalation
135
ṝta prajñā
perception of a spiritual truth
136
sādhana
practice
137
śakti
power
138
śalabhāsana
locust pose
139
samādhi
state of meditation in which only the object of meditation is apparent
140
samāna-vāyu
prāṇa of the central region of the body, responsible for digestion
141
samavṛtti prāṇāyāma
breathing technique in which different components of breathing are equal
142
saṃskāra
habitual movement of the mind; habit, conditioning
143
saṃskāra-duḥkha
duḥkha caused by habits
144
saṃtoṣa
contentment; one of the niyamas
145
saṃyama
total continuous concentration on one object
146
saṃyoga
entanglement or confused identification
147
sannyāsin
one who has given up everything except God
148
sarvajña
all-knower, omniscient
149
sarvāngāsana
shoulderstand
150
sattva
one of the three qualities of prakṛti responsible for clarity and lightness
151
satvāda
the concept that everything we see, experience, and feel is not illusion, but is true and real
152
satya
truth, truthfulness; one of the yamas
153
śauca
cleanliness, purity; one of the niyamas
154
śavāsana
corpse pose
155
siddhi
gift; power that is given
156
śirṣāsana
headstand
157
śītalī prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise in which one inhales through the mouth, shaping the tongue in a particular way
158
smṛti
memory
159
śodhana
purification
160
sthira
steadiness and alertness
161
sukha
lightness and comfort; happiness
162
sukhāsana
simple cross-legged pose
163
sūrya namaskar
sequence of āsana collectively called the salute to the sun
164
suṣumṇā
central nāḍī running through the center of the spine, from the base to the top of the head
165
svadharma
your own position
166
svādhyāya
self-inquiry; any study that helps you understand yourself; the study of sacred texts; one of the niyamas and a component of kriyā yoga
167
tadāsana
mountain pose
168
tamas
one of the three qualities of prakṛti, responsible for heaviness and stability
169
tanmātras
the characteristics of sound, touch, form, taste, and smell
170
tantra
technique
171
tantra yoga
yoga in which the focus is the elimination of obstacles that block the free movement of prāṇa in suṣumṇā
172
tanu
mild, feeble
173
tāpa-duḥkha
pain caused by craving
174
tapas
process of removing impurities; elimination, purification; one of the niyamas and a component of kriyā yoga
175
trāṭaka
gazing at a static object to invite meditation
176
trikonāsana
triangle pose
177
udāna-vāyu
the aspect of prāṇa responsible for speech and upward movement
178
uddīyāna bandha
abdominal lock
179
ujjāyī
breathing technique in which one inhales with a sound in the throat
180
urdhvamukha śvānāsana
upward-facing dog pose
181
uṭrāsana
camel pose
182
utkaṭāsana
squatting pose
183
uttānāsana
standing forward bend
184
vairāgya
detachment, letting go
185
vajrāsana
thunderbolt pose
186
vāyu
air, breath, wind; one of the bhūtas
187
Vedas
Hindu scriptures that are the basis for all yoga
188
vicāra
reflection on a subtle object
189
vidyā
clear understanding, high level of knowledge
190
vikalpa
imagination
191
vikṣipta
state in which the mind is moving without any consistent purpose or direction
192
viloma krama prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise in which one inhales in a regulated way through alternate nostrils and exhales through both nostrils with a sound in the throat
193
viloma ujjāyī prāṇāyāma
breathing exercise using nostril control for inhalation and exhalation
194
viṅyāsa krama
a correctly organized course of āsanas progressing appropriately toward a desired goal
195
viparyaya
false perception
196
vīrabhadrāsana
warrior pose
197
vīrāsana
hero pose
198
viṣamavṛtti prāṇāyāma
breathing technique in which the different components of the breathing are not equal
199
viśeṣa puruṣa
Īśvara
200
Viṣṇu
God, one of the Trinity
201
vitarka
reflecting on a gross object
202
viveka
discrimination
203
vyāna-vāyu
prāṇa responsible for distribution of energy throughout the whole body
204
yama
discipline concerning our dealings with society and the world
205
yoga sādhana
yoga practice
206
Yoga Sūtra
Patañjali's classic text on yoga
207
yogi
someone adept at yoga
