heart structure

Question 1

right side of ❤️ receives

Answer 1

deoxygenated blood from rest of the body

Question 2

right side of ❤️ receives

Answer 2

oxygenated blood from lungs

Question 3

func of coronary arteries

Answer 3

supplies oxy blood, amino acids, glucose to cardiac muscles

Question 4

tricuspid valve is located on _ side

Answer 4

right

Question 5

bicuspid valve is located on _ side

Answer 5

left

Question 6

atria are located on (top/bottom)

Answer 6

top

Question 7

ventricles are located on (top/bottom)

Answer 7

bottom

Question 8

left ventricle vs right ventricle (struct & func)

Answer 8

left: thicker walls to create h.b.p to pump blood to rest of body
right: thinner walls, lower pressure to pump to lungs (lungs close to ❤️)

Question 9

how does oxy blood travel from lungs to rest

Answer 9

1. lungs
2. pulmonary vein into ❤️
3. left atrium
4. bi valve
5. lv
6. aorta out of ❤️
7. rest

Question 10

how does deoxy blood travel from rest to lungs

Answer 10

1. rest
2. vena cavae into ❤️
3. ra
4. tri valve
5. rv
6. pulmonary arteries out of ❤️
7. lungs

Question 11

def systole

Answer 11

period of contraction

Question 12

def diastole

Answer 12

period of relaxation

Question 13

1 heartbeat lasts for

Answer 13

approx 0.8s

Question 14

“lub” & “dub” sounds produced by

Answer 14

valves opening & closing (bitri & semilunar)

Question 15

series of events before “lub”

Answer 15

1. a & v relax
2. blood fills a
3. a systole
4. blood flows from a to v (BITRI VALVES OPEN)
5. v systole, a diastole
6. BITRI VALVES CLOSE “LUB”

Question 16

series of events before “dub”

Answer 16

7. SEMILUNAR VALVES OPEN to allow blood to enter aorta & p artery
8. a receives blood, v pumps blood out
9. v diastole
10. SEMILUNAR VALVES CLOSE “DUB”

cycle ends, bitri valves open to allow blood to flow from a to v, repeating the cycle

Question 17

why do bitri valves open

Answer 17

v pressure < a pressure

Question 18

why do bitri valves close

Answer 18

v pressure > a pressure

Question 19

why do semilunar valves close

Answer 19

v pressure < ao pressure

Question 20

why do semilunar valves open

Answer 20

v pressure > ao pressure

Question 21

coronary ❤️ disease

Answer 21

build up of fatty subst on inner surfaces of c arteries (ATHEROSCLEROSIS) –> narrowed lumen –> clot forms in artery (THROMBOSIS) –> reduced blood flow to ❤️ –> cardiac muscles receive reduced o2 supply

Question 22

causes of coronary ❤️ disease

Answer 22

• high fat diet
• sedentary lifestyle
• emotional stress
• smoking

Question 23

coronary ❤️ disease: preventive measures

Answer 23

• healthy diet (polyunsaturated plant fats instead of animal fats)
• healthy stress management
• avoid smoking
• regular exercise

Question 24

how is coronary ❤️ disease treated

Answer 24

bypass surgery: vein from leg is grafted to bypass blocked artery

Question 25

adv of using vein from leg instead of artery from donor

Answer 25

recepient's body may reject artery from donor

Question 26

disadv of using vein from leg instead of artery from donor

Answer 26

1. thin walls of veins may not be able to withstand h.b.p of arteries 2. ensure sewn correctly. if sewn wrongly, closed semilunar valves will disrupt blood flow