Heath, human rights and intervention Flashcards
Deprivation
When an individuals well-being and quality of life fall below a level regarded as a reasonable minimum
Measuring deprivation usually relies on indicators relating to employment, housing, health and education
Totalitarian regime
A system of government that is centralised and dictatorial; it requires complete subservience to the state with control being in the hands of elites
These may be the military or powerful families or tribes
For some ‘totalitarian’ and ‘authoritarian’ are taken to mean more or less the same thing
Development gap
The widening income and prosperity gap between global ‘haves’ of the developed world and the ‘have-nots’ of the developing world, especially the least developed countries
Democracy
Countries with a system of government in which power is either held by elected representatives or directly by the people
Land reform
The redistribution of property and agricultural land as a result of government initiated or backed action
Maternal mortality
The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days from the end of the pregnancy
Bilateral Aid
Aid that is delivered on a one-to-one basis between a donor and a recipient country
Multilateral aid
Aid (usually financial, sometimes technical) given by donor countries to international aid organisations such as the world bank or Oxfam
These organisations distribute the aid to what they deem to be deserving causes
Official Development Assistance (ODA)
A term used by the OECD to measure aid
Widely used as an indicator of flows of international aid
Flows and transfers of resources, either in cash or in the form of commodities and services
Land grabbing
A contentious issue involving the acquisition of large areas of land in developing countries by domestic and transnational companies, governments and individuals
In some instances, land is simply taken over and not paid for
Rendition
The practice of sending a foreign criminal or terrorist suspect covertly to be interrogated in a country where there is less concern about the humane treatment of prisoners
Economic miracle
An informal term commonly used to refer to a period of dramatic and fast economic development that is unexpectedly strong
Emergency Aid
Rapid assistance given by organisations or governments to people in immediate distress following a natural or man-made disaster
This aims to relieve suffering and the aid includes things such as food, water, temporary housing and medical help
Ebola
A highly contagious and fatal disease that is spread through contact with bodily fluid infected by a filovirus
Its symptoms are fever and severe internal bleeding
The host species of the virus has not been confirmed but fruit bats and primates have been implicated
