Heating System Flashcards by Scott Moody

Inspection Scope (Choose the best answer)

a) A heating system is not required in a house that exists in cold weather climate.
b) The presence of portable heating units indicates a problem with the heating system
c) The system should be capable of maintaining 62° F. in every habitable space
d) Permanently installed heating systems, including those installed in an opening in the wall, are within the scope of a home inspection

d) Permanently installed heating systems, including those installed in an opening in the wall, are within the scope of a home inspection

NOTES:
a) A heating system is required in almost every household.
b) The presence of portable heating units may be indicative of a person who’s always cold
(like Grandma!) AND are OUT OF SCOPE
c) The system should be capable of maintaining 68° F. in every habitable space

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Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE):

a) a ratio of energy generated by a heating system versus the heat used;
b) the minimum AFUE for most gas furnaces is around 70,
c) meaning that the furnace converts 70% of the fuel to heat and 30% is lost through the vent or by other means.
d) none of the above

d) none of the above

NOTES:

a) a ratio of heat generated versus the energy used
b) the minimum AFUE for most gas furnaces is around 80
c) meaning that the furnace converts 80% of the fuel to heat and 20% is lost through the vent or by other means.

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Chimneys (Choose the best answer)

a) a generally vertical structure containing one or more flues
b) conducts combustion products from a fuel-burning appliance to a point outside the house;
c) Chimneys are constructed using masonry and metal pipes.
d) all of the above

d) all of the above

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Chimney connector

A component that conducts non-combustible products from a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney.

(True or False)

False

A component that conducts combustion products from a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney. See Vent connector.

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Damper (barometric):

a) a device used to control draft in an oil-burning appliance vent connector when using a masonry chimney as a vent;
b) the damper is a round metal plate that is mounted on two hinges.
c) It opens and closes based on the pressure in the vent connector.
d) all of the above

d) all of the above

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Damper (HVAC duct system): (Choose the best answer)

a) a plate or louvers installed in a duct system that permits control of how much air flows in a duct
b) a damper is controlled automatically by a motor
c) neither a) or b) are methods of installing a zoned HVAC system where one HVAC system is controlled by two or more thermostats.
d) none of the above

a) a plate or louvers installed in a duct system that permits control of how much air flows in a duct

NOTES:

b) may be controlled manually
c) both a) and b) are methods of installing a zoned HVAC system where one HVAC system is controlled by two or more thermostats.

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Direct exhaust appliance is (Choose the best answer)

a) a fuel-burning appliance that obtains combustion air from outside the house and expels combustion products inside the house.
b) usually for low efficiency appliances.
c) Some appliances can be configured in the field as a direct vent appliance or as a direct exhaust appliance. d) Also called a direct vented appliance.

c) Some appliances can be configured in the field as a direct vent appliance or as a direct exhaust appliance.

NOTES:

a) a fuel-burning appliance that obtains combustion air from INSIDE the house and expels combustion products OUTSIDE the house.
b) usually for HIGH efficiency appliances.
d) Also called a NON-direct vented appliance.

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Direct vent appliance:
a) a fuel-burning appliance that obtains combustion air from outside the house and expels combustion products outside the house. These are usually high efficiency appliances.

(True or False)

True

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Draft (forced): (Choose the best answer)

a) a method of drawing combustion gasses from gas-burning and from oil-burning appliances that uses a fan (blower) to force the gasses through the vent under pressure;
b) also referred to as positive release draft.
c) Forced draft fans are installed at the beginning of the vent system, usually inside the appliance.
d) Forced draft vent systems must remain unsealed to allow combustion gasses to escape through the system.

c) Forced draft fans are installed at the beginning of the vent system, usually inside the appliance.

NOTES:

a) a method of EXPELLING combustion gasses from gas-burning and from oil-burning appliances that uses a fan (blower) to force the gasses through the vent under pressure
b) also referred to as positive PRESSURE draft.
d) Forced draft vent systems must BE SEALED to prevent combustion gasses from escaping through the system.

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Draft (induced): (Choose the best answer)

a) the process of using negative pressure created by a fan to pull combustion gasses through a heat exchanger;
b) draft inducers do not place combustion gasses in a chimney or vent under negative pressure;
c) most low efficiency gas furnaces are induced draft appliances.

a) the process of using negative pressure created by a fan to pull combustion gasses through a heat exchanger

NOTES:

b) draft inducers do not place combustion gasses in a chimney or vent under POSITIVE pressure;
c) most MEDIUM efficiency gas furnaces are induced draft appliances.

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Draft (mechanical): (Choose the best answer)

a) a vent system that uses an electrically powered fan to assist in drawing combustion gasses out of a chimney or vent;
b) mechanical draft may be forced draft (positive pressure)
c) mechanical draft may be induced draft (negative pressure)
d) both b) and c)

d) both b) and c)

NOTE:
a) a vent system that uses an electrically powered fan to assist in EXPELLING combustion gasses through a chimney or vent

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Draft (natural):

the tendency of combustion gasses to rise in a chimney or vent due to the gasses being hotter and at a lower pressure than the surrounding gasses (also known as the stack effect); fireplaces and most gas-fired and oil-fired appliances rely on natural draft to expel combustion gasses.

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Flue:

a) this term most accurately describes a generally vertical passageway inside a chimney;
b) a chimney can only have one flue
c) also known as Vertical Depth
d) all of the above

a) this term most accurately describes a generally vertical passageway inside a chimney;

NOTES:

b) a chimney has AT LEAST one flue and MAY HAVE SEVERAL flues.
c) also known as VENT (combustion).

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Hydronic heating: (Choose the best answer)

a) a heating system that circulates cold liquid and heats it to create steam through pipes
b) the pipes must be installed in the floor
c) may not serve radiators or similar devices
d) none of the above

d) none of the above

NOTES:

a) a heating system that circulates HOT liquid or steam through pipes
b) the pipes may be installed in the floor, ceiling, or wall
c) MAY serve radiators or similar devices

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Manifold (vent connector) is a type of vent connector in which two or more vent connectors are joined together before being connected to the vent.

(True or False)

True

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Vent (combustion): (Choose the best answer)

a) the final vertical component in a vent system;
b) this term most accurately describes manufactured products such as metal pipes.
c) both a) and b)
d) none of the above

c) both a) and b)

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Vent connector (Choose the best answer):

a) a component that conducts combustion products from a fuel-burning appliance to a vent;
b) vent connectors are single-wall or double-wall metal pipes.
c) all of the above
d) none of the above

c) all of the above

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Vent system: (Choose the best answer)

a) a passageway that combines non-combustible products from a fuel-burning appliance to a point outside the house;
b) the vent system begins at the louvers and ends at the end of the duct
c) the vent system consists of a vent or chimney and a vent connector, if one is used
d) none of the above

c) the vent system consists of a vent or chimney and a vent connector, if one is used

NOTES:

a) a passageway that conducts combustion products from a fuel-burning appliance to a point outside the house;
b) the vent system begins at the appliance hood and ends outside the house

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How Heat Transfer Works (Choose the best answer)

Heat is defined as the transfer of energy between molecules. Temperature is a measure of how fast heat is transferred; Examples of Heat transfer include:

a) Conduction occurs when heat moves through solid matter
b) Convection occurs when heat moves by circulation of a gas or liquid
c) Radiation occurs when molecules gain heat by absorbing electromagnetic energy in the infrared part of the spectrum
d) all of the above

d) all of the above

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How Combustion Works

a) Gas systems burn natural gas (methane) or propane. b) Oil systems burn heating oil (#2 fuel oil), although some small oil-burning appliances burn kerosene.
c) Solid fuel systems burn wood, wood pellets, coal, and sometimes materials such as corn cobs (biomass).
d) all of the above

d) all of the above

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Wood Combustion

Burning wood produces many compounds, except:

a) carbon dioxide
b) carbon monoxide
c) creosote
d) coal

d) coal

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COMBUSTION AIR

All fuel-burning appliances require combustion air to ensure complete and safe fuel burning, to ensure that the combustion byproducts are safely expelled through
the windows or doors and out from the house to help cool the appliance.

(True or False)

False

NOTES:
expelled through the CHIMNEY OR VENT

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Gas Appliances, Combustion Air from Inside the House

Drawing combustion air from the same room is called

a) the Standard Method
b) requires at least 30 cubic feet of volume in the room
c) for every 800 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room.
d) all of the above

a) Standard Method

NOTES:

b) 50 cubic feet of volume in the room
c) for every 1,000 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room.

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Gas Appliances, Combustion Air from Outside the House

Combustion air from outside the house may be provided

a) by two openings in the wall or by two ducts.
b) One opening or duct should commence within 12 inches from the floor
c) the other opening within 12 inches from the ceiling
d) all of the above

d) all of the above

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Combustion air from outside the house may be provided by a) one opening in the wall b) two ducts c) The openings and ducts must communicate directly with the indoors. d) Outdoors includes basements and carports. 2. The net free opening area for wall openings and vertical ducts is at least 1 square inch for each 4,000 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room. The net free opening area for horizontal ducts is at least 1 square inch for each 2,000 Btu/h of the appliances in the room. 3. Combustion air may be provided by one opening in the wall, floor, or ceiling. The net free opening area is at least 1 square inch for each 5,000 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room.

b) two ducts NOTES: a) two openings in the wall c) The openings and ducts must communicate directly with the outdoors. d) Outdoors includes ventilated crawl spaces and attics.

Solid Fuel, Combustion Air a) Combustion air from inside should be provided for solid fuel-burning appliances b) Reporting the lack of combustion air from outside and recommending an upgrade to current standards is an option for older houses c) The duct interior termination may be on the back or sides of the firebox or within 12 inches of the firebox opening d) The duct should have an area of at least 6 square inches and not more than 40 square inches.

b) Reporting the lack of combustion air from outside and recommending an upgrade to current standards is an option for older houses NOTES: a) FROM outside c) 24 inches, not 12 d) 55, not 40

Combustion Air Ducts a) Combustion air ducts should terminate at least 12 inches above grade or above the highest anticipated snow accumulation level. b) Rooms or spaces where combustion air ducts from the outside terminate are unconditioned spaces c) These rooms or spaces are frequently uninsulated and the doors are not weather-stripped; thus, they allow large amounts of unconditioned air into the house. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Makeup Air Makeup air replaces air removed from the house by appliances, except for: a) clothes dryers b) kitchen exhaust hoods c) bathroom exhaust fans d) bedroom fans

d) bedroom fans

Typical Defects, Combustion Air Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except: a) blocked combustion air openings, especially by insulation in the attic and crawl space b) combustion air ducts made from unapproved materials, c) one combustion air duct contains one opening d) fuel-burning appliances installed in an unapproved location

c) one combustion air duct contains one opening report if multiple openings

HEATING EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATIONS (Choose the best answer) a) A heat source capable of maintaining at least 62° F b) The heat source does not need to be in the room if a heat source in another room can maintain 62° F in the room c) Some heating systems use solid fuels such as coal, wood and waste products (biomass) such as corn cobs d) One way to classify heating systems is by their heat source

c) Some heating systems use solid fuels such as coal, wood and waste products (biomass) such as corn cobs NOTES: a) and b) maintain 68° F d) ENERGY SOURCE, not heat source

INSPECTING HEATING SYSTEMS includes all, except: a) A visual observation of the system including the electric power and fuel supply components. b) The visual system observation also involves opening access panels that are provided for homeowner inspection and maintenance c) Opening the access panels even if they are sealed in place d) none of the above

c) Opening the access panels even if they are sealed in place

GAS APPLIANCE CATEGORIES Gas-burning appliances, including gas forced-air furnaces, are classified as Category I - IV appliances. The classifications are based on a) vent gas temperature b) whether the vent is under positive or natural pressure c) both a) and b) d) none of the above

c) both a) and b)

GAS FORCED-AIR FURNACES a) In almost all furnaces a home inspector is likely to see, this fan looks like the exercise wheel in a rodent cage, so it is sometimes called a rat cage fan. b) The heat exchanger is the arm of the furnace. c) Cracks or damage to the heat exchanger walls can allow the combustion gasses to enter the air flow that gets circulated in the house. d) none of the above

c) Cracks or damage to the heat exchanger walls can allow the combustion gasses to enter the air flow that gets circulated in the house. NOTES: a) ...it is sometimes called a squirrel cage fan. b) The heat exchanger is the heart of the furnace.

Types of Category I Furnaces (Choose the best answer) a) The draft hood type has not been produced since the 1980s. b) These are low efficiency furnaces (about 65%) and are usually beyond the end of their expected service life. c) These furnaces often have seven to ten ribbon burners. d) The gas is burned along the width of each ribbon burner.

These are low efficiency furnaces (about 65%) and are usually beyond the end of their expected service life. a) The draft hood type has not been produced since the 1970s. c) These furnaces often have 3 to 6 ribbon burners. d) The gas is burned along the LENGTH of each ribbon burner.

Inspecting Category I Furnaces a) Bypassed controls are usually visible as separated wires wound together with tape. b) Electrical cables and thermostat cables should enter the cabinet through a portal. c) Home inspectors should inspect the heat exchanger for cracks and other damage, if possible. d) The heat exchanger is usually visible in an induced draft furnace

c) Home inspectors should inspect the heat exchanger for cracks and other damage, if possible. NOTES: a) Bypassed controls are usually visible as wires spliced together with wire nuts. b) Electrical cables and thermostat cables should enter the cabinet through a bushing, grommet, or similar protection and should be installed inside any covered box provided by the manufacturer. d) The heat exchanger is rarely visible in an induced draft furnace

Inspecting Category IV Furnaces The condensate from a Category IV furnace is usually acidic, so disposal should not be where the condensate could cause damage. (True or False)

True

Typical Defects, Category I and Category IV Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except for: a) Return duct connected directly to furnace/air handler cabinet without a plenum: this can cause uneven air flow, especially over the evaporator coil if one is present; some manufacturers allow this, so recommend evaluation using manufacturer's instructions. b) Dirty fan (blower): this could reduce the effectiveness and service life of the fan. c) Fan loose, shakes, or rattles when operating: this causes unnecessary noise and could reduce the service life of the fan. d) Quiet fan: this could indicate an electrical issue.

d) Quiet fan: this could indicate an electrical issue. Inspectors should report NOISY FANS as they can indicate damaged or worn bearing and could indicate that the fan is near the end of its service life; in older furnaces with a belt-driven fan this could indicate a loose or worn drive belt.

Floor Furnace Components a) Thermostat location is unimportant with floor furnaces. b) The thermostat should be located in a separate room from the floor furnace grille. c) Gas floor furnaces are Category I furnaces.

c) Gas floor furnaces are Category I furnaces. NOTES: a) Thermostat location is IMPORTANT with floor furnaces. b) The thermostat should be located in the same room as the floor furnace grille or in an adjacent room with no door between the rooms.

Floor Furnace Installation (Choose the best answer) a) The furnace grille should be at least 6 feet away from walls. b) The grille should be at least 5 inches below projecting combustible materials like wood shelves. c) Floor furnaces should not be installed in bedrooms and bathrooms. d) There should be at least 3 inches between the draft hood and combustible materials such as wood floor joists

c) Floor furnaces should not be installed in bedrooms and bathrooms. NOTES a) The furnace grille should be at least 6 INCHES away from walls. b) The grille should be at least 5 FEET below projecting combustible materials like wood shelves. d) There should be at least 6 INCHES (NOT 3) between the draft hood and combustible materials such as wood floor joists

Inspecting Floor Furnaces (Choose the best answer) A properly burning gas could indicate problems such as an: a) improperly adjusted burner b) improperly adjusted gas valve c) inadequate combustion air d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Typical Defects, Floor Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except: a) Furnace has been abandoned: this should be reported. b) Cabinet or internal components are deteriorated: many of these furnaces are old and are subject to rust and normal age related deterioration. c) Debris on top of furnace: debris can include dirt, animal hair, and objects; debris can be a fire hazard. d) Improper venting: the vent connector lateral may be too long because the nearest vent is a long distance from the furnace; draft hood, vent connector, or vent may be loose or deteriorated; single-wall vent connector (not allowed in a crawl space) is installed.

c) Debris on top of furnace: Debris INSIDE of furnace should be reported, not on top.

Wall Furnace Installation (Choose the best answer) a) The wall furnace should be at least 6 inches from a door when open in any position. b) at least 2 to 4 inches from wall corners, and at least 6 to 11 inches from the ceiling or other vertical projection above the furnace. c) The vent for most gas wall furnaces should be a Type BW while the vent is run inside a wall cavity. d) A Type BW vent is a Type A vent with a rectangular shape.

c) The vent for most gas wall furnaces should be a Type BW while the vent is run inside a wall cavity. NOTES: a) The wall furnace should be at least 12 INCHES from a door when open in any position. b) at least 4 to 6 INCHES from wall corners, and at least 12 to 18 INCHES from the ceiling or other vertical projection above the furnace. d) A Type BW vent is a Type B vent with an oval shape.

Typical Defects, wall Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include, except: a) Furnace has been abandoned: this should be reported. b) Cabinet or internal components are deteriorated: many of these furnaces are old and are subject to rust and normal age related deterioration. c) Debris on the floor: debris can include dirt, animal hair, and objects; debris can be a fire hazard. d) Improper venting: wrong vent type is used; refer to the Category I gas vent systems section for more information.

c) Debris on the floor Debris INSIDE of furnace should be reported, not on the floor.

GAS ROOM HEATERS AND OIL ROOM HEATERS (VENTED) (Choose the best answer) a) Room heater side clearances vary between about 6 to 12 inches; rear clearances vary between about 4 to 48 inches, top clearances vary between about 4 to 48 inches; front clearance is usually about 60 inches. b) The shut off valve may be located in another room or space if the valve is permanently labeled, readily accessible, and serves no other appliance. c) The vent for most gas room heaters should be a Type B d) all of the above

d) all of the above

GAS APPLIANCES AND OIL APPLIANCES (UNVENTED) The use of fuel-burning unvented appliances is controversial. a) These appliances can produce carbon monoxide if improperly adjusted or if there is insufficient combustion air, although this risk is supposed to be mitigated by the mandatory presence of an oxygen-depletion safety system. b) Unvented appliances may also be called fire heaters. c) Portable appliances are in scope for a home inspection. d) none of the above

a) These appliances can produce carbon monoxide if improperly adjusted or if there is insufficient combustion air, although this risk is supposed to be mitigated by the mandatory presence of an oxygen-depletion safety system. NOTES: b) Unvented appliances may also be called SPACE heaters or UNVENTED heaters. c) Portable appliances of any type are OUT OF SCOPE for a home inspection.

Unvented Appliances Installation (Choose the best answer) a) Side clearances for cabinet appliances vary between about 6 to 12 inches; top clearance is often about 36 inches; bottom clearance to carpet is often about 2 inches; front clearance is often about 36 inches. b) One wall-mounted unvented appliance may be installed in a bathroom if the appliance Btu/h input is 3,000 or less, and if the bathroom is large enough to provide combustion air. c) One wall-mounted unvented appliance may be installed in a bedroom if the appliance Btu/h input is 7,000 or less, and if the bedroom is large enough to provide combustion air. d) The shut off valve may not be located in another room or space.

a) Side clearances for cabinet appliances vary between about 6 to 12 inches; top clearance is often about 36 inches; bottom clearance to carpet is often about 2 inches; front clearance is often about 36 inches. NOTES: b) Bathroom Btu/h input is 6,000 or less c) Bedroom Btu/h input is 10,000 or less d) The shut off valve MAY BE located in another room or space if the valve is permanently labeled, readily accessible, and serves no other appliance.

Typical Defects, Unvented Appliances Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except: a) inadequate combustion air, b) inadequate clearance to combustible materials, c) improper flame size, d) soot in or around appliance, including at vent termination.

c) improper flame color or pattern

GAS DECORATIVE FIREPLACES AND OIL DECORATIVE FIRE-PLACES (VENTED) These appliances are not really fireplaces; the more accurate term is decorative gas (or oil) appliance. These appliances have nothing in common with solid-fuel-burning systems. (True or False)

True

Typical Defects, Gas Fireplaces and Oil Fireplaces (Vented) Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except: a) inadequate combustion air, b) inadequate clearance to combustible materials, c) improper flame color or pattern, d) soot in or around your baby's ear

d) soot in or around your baby's ear Soot in or around appliance should be reported, including at vent termination.

CATEGORY I GAS VENT SYSTEMS (Choose the best answer) a) The vent is usually a chimney, a Type B vent, or occasionally a single-wall pipe. b) A rain cap is not recommended for chimneys. c) The vent connector may be a Type A vent or a double-wall pipe (with restrictions). d) It is important to distinguish between the vent detector and the vent. These are different components and are governed by different rules.

a) The vent is usually a chimney, a Type B vent, or occasionally a single-wall pipe. NOTE: b) A rain cap IS recommended for ALL chimneys. c) The vent connector may be a Type B vent or a single-wall pipe (with restrictions). d) It is important to distinguish between the vent CONNECTOR and the vent. These are different components and are governed by different rules.

Masonry Chimney Used as a Category I Vent (Choose the best answer) a) The chimney should be unsealed below the place where the vent or chimney liner leaves the chimney, and any fireplace should also be blocked or labeled to make it clear that it may not be used. b) A chimney designed for hot gasses should produce enough draft to expel the cooler gasses generated by gas appliances. c) The cooler gasses may condense in the chimney producing acidic liquid that can severely damage the chimney. d) The cooler gasses may go up the chimney.

c) The cooler gasses may condense in the chimney producing acidic liquid that can severely damage the chimney. NOTES: a) The chimney should be SEALED below the place where the vent or chimney liner leaves the chimney, and any fireplace should also be blocked or labeled to make it clear that it may not be used. b) A chimney designed for hot gasses MAY NOT produce enough draft to expel the cooler gasses generated by gas appliances. d) The cooler gasses may fall back down the chimney causing backdrafting.

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Vent made with or insulated with asbestos: asbestos vents are common in some areas in houses built before 1985 b) Inadequate clearance to combustibles: a Type B vent should have at least 1 inch clearance; a single-wall pipe should have at least 6 inches clearance; combustible materials include insulation, electrical cables, and HVAC ducts not made from sheet metal; this is a fire hazard. c) Inadequate distance to a vertical sidewalls or to gravity air intake openings: a Type B vent should terminate at least 8 feet from a vertical sidewall or at least 2 feet above any obstruction within 10 feet; a single-wall pipe should terminate at least 2 feet above any obstruction within 10 feet d) Inadequate distance to a mechanical air intake opening: all gas vents should terminate at least 10 feet horizontally or 3 feet vertically above a mechanical air intake opening

a. Vent made with or insulated with asbestos: asbestos vents are common in some areas in houses built before 1970 (NOT 1985)

Direct Vent Pipe Terminations Vent terminations for Category III and Category IV vents can vary significantly among manufacturers in terms of how the vent terminates, and the distances between vent pipes and combustion air pipes. Some general rules include the following, EXCEPT: a) The vent and combustion air pipes should terminate in different pressure zones. b) Pipes terminating on the roof should terminate on the same roof section. c) Sidewall terminating pipes should terminate on the same sidewall. d) There are minimum and maximum vertical and horizontal separation distances between the vent pipes and combustion air pipes.

a) ...different pressure zones. The vent and combustion air pipes should terminate in the SAME pressure zone. NOTES: There are separation requirements when two or more direct vented appliances are terminated in the same pressure zone. There are usually minimum and maximum pipe lengths. The requirement that vents and combustion air pipes should terminate at least 12 inches above grade or above the local snow accumulation height (whichever is higher) is consistent among manufacturers as is the clearance around gas meter regulator

Oil Burner Types (choose the incorrect answer) a) The most common type in house oil heating systems is the sun-type. b) Some call this an atomizing type burner. c) The other types are the pot-type and the rotary-type. d) The other burner types are uncommon in house systems.

a) The most common type in house oil heating systems is the GUN-type, not sun-type.

Oil Burner Components and Operation (Choose the incorrect answer) a) The oil should pass through a filter before entering the pump b) A regulator inside the pump increases the oil pressure to 60 psi c) The ignition sequence of a modern oil burner should include a pre-purge cycle. d) The air flow should remain on for a preprogrammed time.

b) A regulator inside the pump increases the oil pressure to 100 psi, not 60 psi

Oil Burner Flame Shut off Sensors (Primary Controls) a) The newer sensor (1980s) is the cadmium (cad) cell (fire eye) sensor. b) These sensors have a red reset switch so that the occupant can attempt to restart the oil burner if the sensor shuts down the burner. c) This switch should only be pressed once. d) The home inspector should reset this switch, and should report if it is tripped on arrival or trips during the inspection.

d) The home inspector should NOT reset this switch, and should report if it is tripped on arrival or trips during the inspection.

Oil Line Safety Valve An oil line safety valve is a fire safety device that shuts off the oil flow if there is a fire. (True or False)

True

Typical Defects, Oil Burners Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, EXCEPT: a) Black soot in and around the oil burner, the utility room, and the vent system. b) Black soot at forced-air supply registers c) Stains other than black soot in and around the oil burner, the utility room, and the vent system. d) Blowback

d) Blowback (should be called Puffback) This is an ignition of unburned oil in the refractory chamber and is a dangerous condition; evidence includes black soot in and around the oil burner, the utility room, and the vent system (especially at the barometric damper), a pop or bang is heard when a puffback occurs; possible causes include oil leaks, faulty oil burner firing or shut down sequence, inadequate oil burner cleaning and maintenance, vent system blockage or other vent system problems.

OIL VENT SYSTEMS The vent system for an oil-fired appliance may consist of four components, which is incorrect: a) vent, b) vent cap, c) water regulator (barometric damper), and d) vent connector.

c) water regulator (barometric damper) should be called draft regulator

Typical Defects, Oil Vent Systems Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all EXCEPT: a) Vent made with or insulated with asbestos b) Inadequate clearance to combustibles c) Draft regulator (barometric damper) absent or absent parts, stuck open or shut, damaged, installed out of level d) Tools abandoned around the barometric damper

d) Rust or staining around the barometric damper should be reported (NOT TOOLS): this usually indicates a vent system problem (such as condensation in the vent or backdrafting), a water infiltration problem, a combustion problem, or puffback.

ELECTRIC HEATING SYSTEMS (Choose the INCORRECT answer) a) Most heating systems use electricity to power fans and to power heating system control and safety components. b) The downside of electric resistance heating systems can be frequent repairs c) Electric heating systems use electricity for these components and to provide the heat itself. d) Electric central furnaces, distributed electric heaters (such as baseboard convectors), and electric radiant heaters use electricity to heat a wire.

b) The downside of electric resistance heating systems can be frequent repairs NOT FREQUENT REPAIRS, it should be operating costs

Electric Central Forced-air Furnaces (Air Handlers) (Choose the BEST answer) a) It is easy to mistakenly describe this system as a heat pump. b) In almost all furnaces a home inspector is likely to see, this fan looks like the exercise wheel in a rodent cage, so it's sometimes called a rat cage fan. c) Some furnaces may have heating elements that activate multiple sensors to respond more efficiently if less heat is needed, or to reduce the current draw spike that occurs when all elements activate at once. d) The minimum limit sensor shuts off the furnace if it detects excess heat

a) It is easy to mistakenly describe this system as a heat pump. NOTES: There are a couple ways to tell the difference. The thermostat for a heat pump with heating elements will usually, but not always, have a setting for emergency heat. b) ...squirrel cage fan. c) Some furnaces may have heating elements that activate INDIVIDUALLY (not multiple sensors) d) high limit (fan limit) ((NOT MINIMUM LIMIT)) sensor shuts off the furnace if excess heat

Typical Defects, Electric Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, EXCEPT: a) Return duct connected indirectly to furnace/air handler cabinet: b) Dirty fan c) Fan loose, shakes, or rattles when operating d) Noisy fan

a) Return duct connected indirectly to furnace/air handler cabinet: SHOULD BE connected DIRECTLY ,,, WITHOUT A PLENUM This can cause uneven air flow, especially over the evaporator coil if one is present; some manufacturers allow this, so recommend evaluation using manufacturer's instructions.

Distributed Electric Heaters (Baseboard Heaters) The most common style is the baseboard heater. Other styles include heaters installed on a wall, heaters recessed into the wall, heaters recessed in the floor, and heaters recessed in the toe kick under cabinets. Which of the following is not a baseboard heater. a) linear convector b) baseboard convector c) baseboard heater. d) unit heaters.

d) unit heaters NOTES: A typical clearance varies between about ¼ inch for linear baseboard heaters to about 6 inches for higher wattage wall-mounted convectors. Curtains, drapes, and furniture should have between about 3 to 6 inches clearance.

Typical Defects, Distributed Electric Heaters Which is not a Typical defect: a. Insufficient heat b. Heat over 75 degrees c. Dirty unit d. Inadequate clearance to combustibles

b. Heat over 85 degrees (Excessive heat

Electric Radiant Heating Systems (Choose the best answer) a. It is impossible to heat a house with electric radiant heat only. b. This system is designed for supplemental heat and is in scope for home inspection. c. Outdoor Electric Radiant Heating systems are in scope. d. (none of the above)

b. Supplemental heat but IS in scope.

Typical Defects, Electric Radiant Heating Systems Typical defects that home inspectors should report include: a. Insufficient heat b. Circuit is not GFCI protected where required. c. all of the above d. none of the above

c. all of the above

HOT WATER HEATING SYSTEMS The majority of the systems operating today are closed systems. (Choose the best answer) a. The normal cold pressure is around 12 psig and the normal cold temperature is the room temperature where the boiler is located. b. The normal operating pressure is around 20 psig to below 30 psig. c. The normal operating temperature is between about 120° F. up to 200° F. d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Domestic Hot Water from Boilers a. One method is called a tankless coil b. Another method is the indirect-fired water heater. c. Some very old systems may employ a separate tank to collect hot water that is heated by the boiler called range boilers d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Hot Water Heating Systems Components The following are all components, except: 1. Water Supply 2. Heat Exchanger 3. Aquastat 4. Air Duct 5. Pressure gauge 6. Temperature gauge 7. Relief Valves 8. Air Bleeder Valves, Eliminator valve

d. Air Duct

Expansion Tank Hot water heating system distribution piping should include an expansion tank and a shut off valve near the boiler. Five to eight gallon tanks are common for residential systems. (True or False)

False One to four gallon tanks are common

Pumps and Pipes (Fill in the blank) Either one pipe or two pipe system. a. A one pipe system connects the input and output side of each distribution device to the same pipe. This tee fitting is often called a ________ or _________ __________. The direct return is a one pipe system b. Water should enter through the 180° openings, not the (90°) ________ openings c. A two pipe system connects the input side of each device to a supply pipe and output sides of the device to a return pipe. The _______ ________system is a two pipe system

a. Monoflow, Diverter Fitting b. Branch c. Reverse Return

Typical Defects, Hot Water Heating Systems Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all EXCEPT: a. Water leaks b. No heat or low heat at the heat distribution devices c. Circulation pump does not run d. Noisy circulation pump e. Water movement heard when the system activates f. High system pressure g. Leaking pressure relief valve h. Improperly installed pressure relief valve extension pipe i. Absent or damaged baseboard covers or end caps j. Baseboard fins have stickers on them k. Fogged or obviously faulty gauges l. Valve cover removed

j. Baseboard fins blocked by dirt or are damaged (not stickers on them)

STEAM HEATING SYSTEMS a) Get additional training before inspecting these systems. b) One method is called a tankless coil. c) Another method is the indirect-fired water heater. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Steam Heating System Types a. Almost all house steam heating systems are ___ pressure systems. b. The normal operating pressure is around ½ psig to below ___ psig. c. The other types are the _______ ________ system (less than 1 psig) and the d. high pressure system (over 15 psig).

a. low b. 2 psig c. vapor pressure d. high pressure

Steam Heating System Operating Cycle The steam heating operating cycle consists of the following steps: 1. All water has returned to the heat exchanger of the boiler, air is in the _____ and the radiators. 2. The thermostat calls for heat activating (firing) the ________________ system of the boiler. 3. Water in the heat exchanger of the boiler is heated to at least ___°F., at which point it turns to steam. 4. Steam rises by convection (no pump) through the ______ pipe to the first radiator. 5. The steam pushes air out of the pipe and the radiator through an air (steam) vent or steam ____ which closes when steam reaches the vent. 6. The steam condenses back to water in the _______ releasing heat which warms the radiator. 7. The water (condensate) flows back to the boiler, minus whatever escaped through the ____ or trap.

1. pipes 2. combustion 3. 212 4. supply 5. trap 6. radiator 7. vent

Steam Heating Distribution Systems The obvious function is to deliver steam to the distribution devices. The less obvious function is to deliver the water back to the vent without interfering with the steam delivery (True or False)

False deliver Water back to the boiler, not the vent

One Pipe Counterflow A problem with the one pipe counterflow system is the high potential for a fight between the steam and the water. (True or False)

True

One Pipe Parallel Flow a. The one pipe parallel flow system improves on the ________________ system by having the water return separately from the steam, at least in some of the piping. b. One problem with a separate water return is that part of the return piping is below the _______ _______ level (hence the name wet return) c. A minimum slope of ____ inch in 20 feet is recommended. d. If there is a leak in the wet return, the boiler could run ________.

a. Counterflow b. boiler water c. 1 inch in 20 feet d. dry

Hartford Loop The Hartford Loop raises the wet return pipe connection at the equalizer pipe to between 2 and 4 inches below the normal boiler water level. All steam heating systems with wet returns should have a) an equalizer pipe b) Hartford Loop c) both a) and b) d) none of the above

c) both a) and b)

Condensate Pump A condensate pump in a steam heating system is similar to one in an air conditioning system (True or False)

True

Piping (Choose the incorrect answer) a) Steel (most common). b) Copper is allowed c) Brass and PEX-AL-PEX are also allowed, but are uncommon d) Steam pipes shouldn't be insulated.

d) should be insulated Lack of insulation on steam pipes is a reportable defect.

Radiators and Convectors a) Radiators are made from cast iron that is configured in several vertical sections of columns or tubes. b) Baseboard devices are sometimes called baseboard radiators or baseboard heaters. c) Convectors are basically larger versions of baseboard devices. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Steam Heating Distribution System Vents and Traps a) Steam heating systems should have at least one main vent. b) This vent may be a ball float trap or an inverted bucket trap. c) But, the home inspector is NOT required to identify the type of trap installed. d) all of the above

a) all of the above

Safety Controls (Choose the INCORRECT statement) a) A low water shutoff switch should be installed at the boiler. b) A pressure relief valve should be installed in the space provided on the boiler. c) The pressure relief valve for most house steam boilers is a 10 psi valve. d) A common device is the pressuretrol.

c) The pressure relief valve for most house steam boilers is a 10 psi valve. should be 15 psi/250 degree valve.

Typical Defects, Steam Heating Systems Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, EXCEPT: a) Water and steam leaks b) No heat or low heat at heat distribution devices c) Banging in pipes (water hammer) d) Long cycling boiler fire

4.Long cycling boiler fire Should be SHORT cycling boiler fire should be reported

RELATED HEATING SYSTEM COMPONENTS Condensing appliances do not require a condensate disposal system. (True or False)

False

How Heat Transfers: a) Hot liquids and gasses are lighter, more buoyant, and at a lower pressure compared to the surrounding material. b) This allows the liquid or gas to rise relative to the surrounding material. This phenomenon is called the stack effect. c) If the gasses lose enough heat, they can become too heavy to reach the top of the chimney or vent, and fall back down the chimney or vent into the house. This phenomenon is called backdrafting. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Draft (induced) (Choose the best answer) a) the process of using negative pressure created by a fan to pull combustion gasses through a vent system b) this vent system may be used when the vent system for a natural draft appliance cannot be installed to operate using the stack effect c) mechanical draft inducers are installed at the vent termination. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

How Combustion Works (Choose the best answer) All combustion produces byproducts. The byproducts are usually gasses, but solids and liquids are also possible depending on a) the fuel being burned b) the conditions of your mother's house c) the conditions outside d) none of the above

a) the fuel being burned NOTES: b) the conditions of COMBUSTION c) the conditions in the CHIMNEY OR VENT

How Combustion Works (Choose the best answer) Complete hydrocarbon combustion produces carbon dioxide and water vapor and may produce other compounds such as: a) nitric acid b) sulfuric acid c) sulfur dioxide d) all of the above 4.

d) all of the above

How Combustion Works (Fill in the blanks) a) Incomplete combustion produces more ______ ______ than complete combustion b) may produce other compounds such as ______ _________ c) Carbon is often referred to as _____ in this context. d) The presence of ______ in and around a combustion chamber or vent for a gas appliance may indicate a significant combustion problem.

a) water vapor b) carbon monoxide c) soot d) soot

COMBUSTION AIR Primary air provides the air needed for combustion. Dilution air is mixed with the vent gasses in a a) draft hood or draft regulator b) cools the gasses c) dilutes the gasses d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Combustion air a) may be drawn from inside the house b) is the best practice c) is common in new construction and in houses that have been air sealed d) all of the above

a) may be drawn from inside the house NOTES: b) & c) this is NOT best practice, and may not be allowed in new construction and in houses that have been air sealed.

Combustion air a) The term net free area is used to describe combustion air openings b) The minimum opening dimension is 2½ inches. c) both a and b) d) none of the above

a) The term net free area is used to describe combustion air openings NOTES: B) MINIMUM OPENING IS 3-1/2 INCHES.

Gas Appliances, Combustion Air from Outside the House There should be one or more openings having a total combined net free opening area of at least a) 3 square inches for every b) 800 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room c) all of the above d) none of the above

d) none of the above NOTES: 2 square inches for every 1,000 Btu/h input of the appliances in the room

Gas Appliances, Combustion Air from Outside the House The air net free opening area for wall openings and VERTICAL ducts is at least a) 1 square inch for each ______ Btu/h input of the appliances in the room. The net free opening area for HORIZONTAL ducts is at least b) 1 square inch for each ______ Btu/h of the appliances in the room. Combustion air may be provided by one opening in the wall or ceiling commencing c) within ___ inches of the ceiling. The net free opening area is at least 1 square inch for each _______ Btu/h input of the gas appliances in the room.

a) 4,000 b) 2,000 c) 12 d) 3,000

Oil Appliances, Combustion Air from Outside the House The net free opening area for wall openings and VERTICAL ducts is at least a) 1 square inch for each ____ Btu/h input of the appliances in the room. The net free opening area for HORIZONAL ducts is at least b) 1 square inch for each _____ Btu/h of the appliances in the room. Combustion air may be provided by one opening in the wall, floor, or ceiling. The net free opening area is at least c) 1 square inch for each _____ Btu/h input of the appliances in the room.

a) 4,000 b) 2,000 c) 5,000

The term makeup air is the same as combustion air. | True or False

False They are different

Typical Defects, Combustion Air Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except: a) appliance closets or compartments sealed and insulated when combustion air is drawn from outside b) combustion air duct openings do not terminate within 12 inches from the floor or ceiling (gas appliances) c) exhaust appliances compete with fuel-burning appliances for air

a) appliance closets or compartments sealed and insulated when combustion air is drawn from outside report when appliance closets or compartments are NOT SEALED and INSULATED

HEATING EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATIONS (Choose the best answer) a) Liquid fuel systems use natural gas or propane. b) Gas fuel systems use heating oil and sometimes kerosene c) Electric resistance heating systems use electricity, and are basically giant toasters that heat wires. Some electric systems are heat pumps d) Heat distribution method. Each distribution method relies on three or more of the heat transfer methods previously discussed.

c) Electric resistance heating systems use electricity, and are basically giant toasters that heat wires. Some electric systems are heat pumps NOTES a) Liquid fuel systems use heating oil and sometimes kerosene b) Gas fuel systems use natural gas or propane. d) Heat distribution method. Each distribution method relies on one or more of the heat transfer methods previously discussed.

HEATING EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATIONS (Choose the best answer) a) forced-air distribution system. These systems use a vent to move heated air through ducts b) gravity distribution uses convection and the stack effect to move heat from a furnace up through ducts c) Hydronic distribution systems are common in all markets d) Radiant systems move heat by heating a material and allowing the heat to flow by ventilation

b) gravity distribution uses convection and the stack effect to move heat from a furnace up through ducts NOTES: a) forced-air distribution system. These systems use a FAN to move heated air through ducts c) Hydronic distribution systems are COMMON IN SOME markets and are UNCOMMON IN OTHERS d) Radiant systems move heat by heating a material and allowing the heat to flow by RADIATION, CONDUCTION AND CONVECTION.

INSPECTING HEATING SYSTEMS include all, except: a) Operating the system using normal operating controls (the thermostat). b) The home inspector should report if the system is not operated but does not need to state the reason why c) Home inspectors are not required to operate or test any system that is shut down or that requires manual ignition. d) The home inspector should report if the system is not operated and state the reason why.

b) The home inspector should report if the system is not operated but does not need to state the reason why Inspector DOES need to state the reason why

GAS APPLIANCE CATEGORIES (Choose the best answer) a) Category I appliance vent gas is cool (around 140°F) b) Category II Appliance vent gas is hot (around 300°F) c) Category III Appliance vent gas is as hot or is hotter than Category II vent gas and under positive pressure. d) Category IV appliance vent gas is rather cool (around 140° F.)and efficient (90+%) at drawing heat from the combustion products.

d) Category IV appliance vent gas is rather cool (around 140° F.)and efficient (90+%) at drawing heat from the combustion products. a) Category I appliance vent gas is HOT (around 300°F) b) Category II Appliance vent gas is COOL (around 140°F) c) Category III Appliance vent gas is as hot or is hotter than Category I (not 2) vent gas and under positive pressure.

GAS APPLIANCE CATEGORIES (Choose the best answer) a) Category IV vent gas is so cool that it must be exhausted under negative pressure b) Category IV vent gas uses plastic pipe, usually PVC, as the vent. c) Category IV appliances are called condensing appliances because some of the water vapor produced by the combustion process is condensed into liquid in the pipes instead of going up the vent. d) Condensation in the vent system is not an issue for Category IV appliances.

b) Category IV vent gas uses plastic pipe, usually PVC, as the vent. NOTES: D) Condensation in the vent system is ALSO an issue for ALL Category IV appliances. A) Category IV vent gas is so cool that it must be exhausted under POSITIVE pressure c) Category IV appliances are called condensing appliances because some of the water vapor produced by the combustion process is condensed into liquid in the FURNACE instead of going up the vent.

GAS FORCED AIR FURNACES (Choose the best answer) a) Heat exchangers in newer furnaces have many curves that increase the heat exchanger surface area. b) These heat exchangers are sometimes called "T" heat exchangers because the curves look like a fork in the road. c) The "T" structure is why a draft inducer fan is required to pull the combustion gasses through the bends.

a) Heat exchangers in newer furnaces have many curves that increase the heat exchanger surface area. NOTE: b) & c) HEAT EXCHANGERS ARE called SERPENTINE heat exchangers because the curves look like a snake, not "T".

GAS FORCED AIR FURNACES (Choose the best answer) a) Flexible gas connectors are allowed to enter cabinets. b) Newer furnaces usually have lights that glow to highlight the gas c) The silver-colored buttons near the burners are the flame-rollout sensors. d) all of the above

c) The silver-colored buttons near the burners are the flame-rollout sensors. NOTES: a) Flexible gas connectors are NOT permitted to enter cabinets. b) Newer furnaces usually have an IGNITER that glows hot to IGNITE the gas

Type of Category I Furnaces (Choose the best answer) a) The induced draft type is the least common Category I furnace. b) These furnaces are considered high efficiency (about 90%). c) These furnaces often have seven to nine inshot burners. d) The gas is pulled into the heat exchanger from one burner opening in each inshot burner.

d) The gas is pulled into the heat exchanger from one burner opening in each inshot burner. NOTES: a) The induced draft type is the most common Category I furnace. b) These furnaces are considered medium efficiency (about 80%). c) These furnaces often have two to six inshot burners.

Inspecting Category I Furnaces (Choose the best answer) a) Home inspectors should not attempt to listen to the ignition sequence b) A properly burning gas flame is red, sometimes with a slight yellow tip. c) A yellow or orange colored flame is a reportable defect which could indicate problems. d) A flickering or distorted flame could indicate a cracked pot

c) A yellow or orange colored flame is a reportable defect which could indicate problems. NOTES: a) Home inspectors SHOULD attempt to listen to the ignition sequence b) A properly burning gas flame is BLUE, sometimes with a slight yellow tip. d) A flickering or distorted flame could indicate a cracked heat exchanger

Typical Defects, Category I and Category IV Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except for: a) Inoperative or bypassed fan cover interlock switch: this usually indicates that the switch is defective; this safety device should not be bypassed. b) Bypassed safety controls: this will usually present as wires connected with wire nuts where wire nuts are not usually seen. c) Internal parts located where damage is likely: wires and tubes inside the burner and fan compartments should not be located where they could be melted or where they could be scraped by moving parts; the 120 volt power cable should not run through the burner compartment; it should enter the cabinet and terminate in the box provided by the manufacturer; all wires and cables should enter the cabinet through a grommet or bushing. d) Cabinet is painted orange and you wouldn't be able to detect rust.

d) Cabinet is painted orange and you wouldn't be able to detect rust. Report if Cabinet is DAMAGED or RUSTED: rust indicates a water intrusion problem; the cause of the damage or rust should be determined and repaired.

Typical Defects, Category I and Category IV Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, except for: a) Air leaking from cabinet: air leaks reduce system efficiency; the cabinet should be reasonably well sealed. b) Ignition source not elevated in a garage: the ignition source (burners) should be elevated at least 18 inches above the floor for appliances located in a garage. c) Appliances installed in a garage are not protected from vehicle impact: appliances such as furnaces and water heaters should be protected by framing or by a vehicle stop such as a bollard. d) Cabinet does not have adequate clearance to the bedroom.

d) Cabinet does not have adequate clearance to the bedroom. Cabinets that do not have adequate clearance to combustibles should be reported: clearances to combustibles depends on manufacturer's instructions which are often listed on the furnace label.

Typical Defects, Floor Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, except: a) Improper cuts in floor framing: floor joist cuts should be framed like other floor system openings. b) Inadequate combustion air: combustion air may be drawn from inside the house or from the crawl space; refer to the combustion air section for more information. c) Inadequate service clearances: there should be at least 18 inches clearance on the service side. d) Clearances to combustible materials: clearances are required above and below the unit; clearances are not required to the draft hood and to the vent.

d) Clearances to combustible materials: (see below) NOTE: All inadequate clearances should be reported and are required above and below the unit; clearances ARE required to the draft hood and to the vent.

Typical Defects, wall Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include, except: a) Inadequate combustion air: except for direct vented units, combustion air is usually drawn from inside the house; refer to the combustion air section for more information. b) soot in the fireplace c) Inadequate clearances to combustible materials: clearances are required above, to the side, and sometime below the unit.

b) soot in the fireplace Soot in and around furnace should be reported: including at vent termination.

THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF MANUFACTURED VENTS in CATEGORY 1 VENT SYSTEMS: (Choose the best answer) a) Type B (most common) Use of single-wall pipes is limited because these pipes lose heat more rapidly than Type B vents, and do not conduct the combustion gasses out of the vent system as effectively. b) Use of single-wall pipes is mostly confined to vent connectors in cold climates. c) Type J (oil burning) d) A vent system that serves two or more gas appliances is called a core vent system.

a) Type B (most common) Use of single-wall pipes is limited because these pipes lose heat more rapidly than Type B vents, and do not conduct the combustion gasses out of the vent system as effectively. NOTES: b) Use of single-wall pipes is mostly confined to vent connectors in WARM climates. c) Type L (oil burning) d) A vent system that serves two or more gas appliances is called a common vent system.

Steam Heating Distribution System Vents and Traps Masonry chimney used as a Category I Vent (Choose the best answer) a) The chimney must be enclosed within the house until it penetrates the roof. b) The chimney may serve as a vent for one induced draft furnace. c) The chimney area should be at least as large as the vent connector area, and smaller than four times the vent connector area when the chimney serves as the vent for one draft hood-equipped appliance.

a) The chimney must be enclosed within the house until it penetrates the roof. NOTES: b) The chimney may serve as a common vent for MULTIPLE induced draft or draft hood-equipped gas appliances, not just one. The chimney may serve as a vent for a single draft hood-equipped appliance such as a water heater. c) The chimney area should be at least as large as the vent connector area, and smaller than 7 TIMES the vent connector area when the chimney serves as the vent for one draft hood-equipped appliance.

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Disconnected or inadequately connected vent components. b) Vent pipe sections or fittings turned the wrong way, or the bottom section inserted over the upper section. c) Rusted, stained, or damaged vent d) Rabbits seen around the draft hood or flue collar.

d) Rust, debris, staining (not rabbits) seen around the draft hood or flue collar is a defect.

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Type A vents do not terminate with a listed cap b) Inadequate Type B vent height above roof c) Vent extends too far above roof or along a sidewall. d) Vent system too short or too tall

a) Type B (not A) vents do not terminate with a listed cap

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Vent system too small or too large for the connected appliance b) Vent connector slopes up c) Improper vent system material d) Flexible Type B vent connector improperly installed

b) Vent connector slopes down toward appliance

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Single-wall pipe used where not approved. b) Vent roof or sidewall penetration not properly flashed. c) Single appliance vent connector too long or vent system has too many elbows. d) Common vent connector too short.

d) Common vent connector too short. report common vent connectors that are too long (not too short) or has too many elbows

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Common vent has an offset (elbows) b) Smaller diameter common vent connector connected below the larger diameter common vent connector. c) Two or more appliances connected to a vent connector. d) Common vent connectors enter the vent at the same level and at a 45° angle.

d) Common vent connectors enter the vent at the same level and at a 90° (not 45 angle).

Typical Defects, Category I Vent Systems are as follows, except: a) Common vented appliances located on different stories b) Unused chimney openings sealed. c) A chimney improperly used as the vent. d) Vent connector loose or improperly inserted into a chimney.

b) Unused chimney openings sealed ``` Should be (not sealed) When not sealed, this allows air to enter the chimney; this air can cool and dilute the combustion gasses, and can cause backdrafting and condensation in the chimney; sealing includes the chimney flue under the vent connector. ```

Oil Burner Components and Operation (Choose the Incorrect answer) a) Combustion occurs in the refractory chamber, also called the fire pot and are less than 12 inches in any dimension. b) The visible area of the refractory, if any, should be intact and appear relatively clean c) The flame from a modern oil burner should be blue, possibly with a little yellow. d) This new spinning disk configuration is called a flame retention head

c) The flame from a modern oil burner should be blue should be white, possibly with a little yellow. A flame color in the orange to red tones indicates a cooler flame temperature and oil burner problems. Flame should be uniformly shaped, about 5 inches at widest point, should not touch surfaces of the refractory chamber.

Typical Defects, Steam Heating Systems Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, EXCEPT: a) New boiler with old steam pipes above the boiler b) Improperly installed pressure relief valve extension pipe c) Water level in sight glass stable d) water dripping from the top of the sight glass: the system may be producing wet steam which does not flow or heat as well as dry steam.

c) Water level in sight glass stable Should be: INCONSISTENT WATER LEVEL in sight glass: this can be caused by oil or other impurities in the boiler water, boiler over-firing, improper pipe installation above the boiler.

Typical Defects, Oil Burners Typical defects that home inspectors should report include the following, EXCEPT: a) Unusual squealing, whining, or vibration from the oil burner b) Unusual odors in and around the oil burner, the utility room, or the oil tank c) Inadequate clearance to combustibles and inadequate service access d) Physical discoloration

d) Physical discoloration Report damage, rust, deterioration, not discoloration

OIL VENT SYSTEMS (Choose the incorrect statement) a) The vent is often a chimney, but may be a Type L vent. b) A Type L vent should terminate with a vent cap or a listed roof assembly. c) A vent cap is required even if a chimney serves as the vent d) A vent connector is necessary if the appliance is not located directly under the vent, which is usually the case.

c) A vent cap is required if a chimney serves as the vent Vent cap is NOT REQUIRED if a chimney serves as the vent

OIL VENT SYSTEMS (Choose the incorrect statement) a) A Type B vent (for gas-burning appliances) may be used as a vent or a vent connector for oil-fired appliances. b) Vent connectors for oil-burning appliances that use a chimney as the vent should be equipped with a barometric damper. c) A barometric damper is not required when the vent is a Type L. d) The problem with using a chimney as a vent is that draft conditions in a chimney vary, sometimes a lot

a) A Type B vent (for gas-burning appliances) may be used as a vent or a vent connector for oil-fired appliances. A type B vent may NOT be used as a vent or a vent connector for oil-fired appliances.

OIL VENT SYSTEMS (Choose the incorrect statement) Backdrafting can damage the chimney and can cause the appliance to function improperly. b) The purpose of a barometric damper is to control draft conditions in the vent system, thereby a) increasing the efficiency of the oil-fired appliance b) reducing damage c) reducing appliance operational problems d) none of the above

d) none of the above

Typical Defects, Electric Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, EXCEPT: a) Inoperative or bypassed fan cover interlock switch. b) No heat or insufficient heat (from heating elements). c) Spare parts located near fan d) Damaged or rusted cabinet

c) Spare parts located near fan Internal parts should not be located where they could be melted; the power cable should enter the cabinet and terminate in the box provided by the manufacturer.

Typical Defects, Electric Furnaces Typical defects that home inspectors should report include all, EXCEPT: a) Air leaking from cabinet b) Ignition source elevated in a garage c) Cabinet does not have adequate service access.

b) Ignition source elevated in a garage the ignition source (heating elements) SHOULD BE ELEVATED at least 18 inches above the floor for appliances located in a garage. No need to report an elevated ignition source.

Which of the following are in scope for a home inspection: a) Heaters that are fastened in place and permanently connected to the electrical system. b) Plug-and-cord connected heaters c) A portable heater d) None of the above

Typical Defects, Distributed Electric Heaters Which is not a Typical defect: a. Electrical receptacle above or close to a heater. b. Heaters served by a dedicated electrical circuit. c. Rust, physical damage, absent covers and parts. d. none of the above

b) heaters not served by a dedicated electrical circuit should be reported

Hot Water Heating Systems a. Two types of system, open and closed system b. Open system is AKA gravity system c. Open system is a relic. d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Pumps and Pipes (Choose the WRONG answer) a) Note that insulation on older pipes is a probable rust containing material. b) Radiators are made from cast iron that is configured in several vertical sections of columns or tubes c) Baseboard devices are sometimes called baseboard radiators or baseboard heaters. d) Convectors are basically larger versions of baseboard devices.

a) Note that insulation on older pipes is a probable ASBESTOS (not rust) containing material.

Steam Heating Distribution System Vents and Traps a. The main vent should be located __________ from the last distribution device. b. The main vent should be located near the end of the ____ return in one pipe parallel return and two pipe systems. c. The main vent should be located at least ____ inches above the boiler water line. d. The main vent should be located about ___ to ____ inches above the dry return pipe.

a. downstream b. dry c. 18 d. 6 to 10

Steam Heating Distribution System Vents and Traps a. Each distribution device in a one pipe system should be equipped with an air vent. b. The air vent should be located near the vertical center of the device. c. A hissing or sputtering air vent (after the heating cycle starts) indicates a reportable defect because the vent may be blocked with debris or may be damaged. d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Steam Heating Distribution System Vents and Traps a. Each distribution device in a two pipe system should be equipped with a thermostatic trap. b. A rapid sound coming from the trap could indicate a defective trap. c. Two pipe systems should be equipped with a float and thermostatic trap (F&T trap) d. This trap should be located on the dry return pipe downstream from the last distribution device. e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Heating System Flashcards

WORKING ON MODIFYING THIS DECK NOW...(#20-87 STILL LEFT TO GO) Mom (136 cards)