HEENT 06 Mouth & Throat pt 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Sore throat, Swollen hyperemic red tonsils
Often coated with a yellow or thin white non-confluent membrane. Peels away without bleeding. White particulate matter in tonsillar crypts.
Acute Tonsillitis
Sore throat
Fever
Anterior cervical adenopathy
Tonsillar exudate
Pharyngitis
headache, pharyngeal exudate, painful cervical adenopathy, GI symptoms, chills, and high fever
GABHS pharyngitis
sneezing, rhinorrhea, and cough
Viral pharyngitis
What are 2 tests to check for streptococcal pharyngitis? What’s the order?
- Rapid antigen test.
- Throat culture
A negative rapid antigen test does not rule out strep pharyngitis. It must be confirmed with a throat culture (takes days for results)
Lymphadenopathy, fever, and sore throat, ±exudates. Malaise/fatigue, splenomegaly, pharyngeal petechiae and occasionally a maculopapular rash. shaggy white-purple tonsillar exudate, often extending into the nasopharynx,
Mononucleosis
2 drugs for Mononucleosis (to prevent any strep throat)
prednisone, erythromycin
What causes Mononucleosis?
Epstein-Barr virus
The tonsil and uvula become edematous and erythematous, and the tonsil is displaced medially. Sore throat + inspiratory stridor or respiratory difficulty – airway obstruction
Peritonsillar Abscess
Unilateral ±, severe throat pain, Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), Odynophagia (pain swallowing), Trismus (difficulty opening the mouth wide), Neck pain, Referred ear pain Drooling, Muffled (‘hot potato’) voice
Fever
Peritonsillar Abscess
4 tests to diagnose Peritonsillar Abscess
CBC
Blood cultures
Monospot test
Tonsillar swab
Trismus (inability to open the mouth) and bulging of the palate may not be seen
Retropharyngeal Abscess
Sore throat, odynophagia; Cheesy, raised white plaques. Can be wiped off, revealing a raw, erythematous, and sometimes bleeding base
Pharyngeal candidiasis
What are 2 drugs for Oral Candidiasis?
Topical nystatin or clotrimazole
What are nystatin and clotrimazole?
Antifungal medications
painful acute gingival inflammation and necrosis, often with bleeding, halitosis, fever, and cervical lymphadenopathy.
Acute Necrotizing Gingivitis
What is the treatment for Acute Necrotizing Gengivitis?
Penicillin plus Metronidazole
What is cellulitis?
common skin infection caused by bacteria. Fever; Pain or tenderness in the affected area; Skin redness or inflammation that gets bigger as the infection spreads;
Dysphagia, Odynophagia, “Woody” edema in the sublingual region, forcing the tongue up and back with the potential for airway obstruction. Fever, dysarthria, and drooling ±,
“hot potato” voice
Ludwig’s Angina
Rapidly progressive cellulitis on the lower second and third molars
Ludwig’s Angina
2 drugs for Ludwig’s Angina
Ampicillin/Sulbactam
Hoarseness of voice or a harsh voice with a deep pitch is often the main symptom of
Laryngitis
Acute or chronic inflammation: erythema & Acute, due to URTI. Edema of laryngeal mucous membranes
Laryngitis
