HEENT Flashcards
(50 cards)
Blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelids, causing itching and crusting of the lash line and is usually bilateral
“*Is bilateral and not painful & has no associated photophobia
The lids are inflammed and scaling of the lid margins is seen. Loss of eyelashes occurs late. Visual Acuity is unimpaired”
Blepharitis
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Chronic & Seasonal hypersensitivity to a specific allergen; bilateral, itchy & painless
*Ropy, mucoid discharge. The palpebral conjunctiva has a cobblestone appearance & Visual Acuity is unaffected
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Bacterial: S. Aureus, S. pneumoniae, GAS, H. Influnzae, N. gonorrhea often are causitive agents
Onset is gradual, begins unilateral, reports feeling scratchy feeling vs. pain, no photophobia, *Purulent discharge, matted eyelids, visual acuity not affected, blurring of vision related to discharge
Viral: adenovirus, picornavirus, rhinovirus, herpes virus
usually concurrent with URI
*Watery discharge with follicular changes to palpebral conjunctiva
Chalazion:
Hx: Unilateral, chronic, painless
“May be unable to differentiate between chalazion & stye on assessment. Differential: Painless
Red or gray mass on the inner aspect of the lid.
The eye may be itchy and red”
Hordeolum (STY):
“Hx: Swelling of the eyelid with localized lid pain
Unilateral with pain”“Swelling of the eyelid; indurated lesion with central pus and surrounding erythema
***will spontaneously drain on its own in 1-2 weeks
Findings: Develops acutely and is palpable along the lid margin with a purulen center and surrounding erythema”
Sensorineural
Weber: lateral to good ear
Rinne: AC >BC
Accuse others of mumbling
Noise worsens
Conductive
Weber: Lateralize to impaired ear
RInne: BC > AC
Noise makes it better
Otitis Externa
Hx: Bilateral itching and pain
“Findings: Movement of the pinna elicits pain
Discharge, inflammed and swollen external canal
TM normal or not visible”
Otitis Media
Hx: Unilateral Pain,severe or deep pain,sensation of fullness
Findings: Red bulging TM, fever, decreased light reflex, Opaque TM, decreased TM mobility
Otitis serous with Effusion
Hx: Unilateral pain, sensation of crackling or decreased hearing
Findings: Fluid line or air observed behind TM, conductive hearing loss, decreased TM movement
Pharyngitis
“The patient reports a sore throat, in children, a fever may be precede throat complaints by 1-2 days.
Viral Pharyngitis
Hx: Scratchy, sore throat, malaise, myalgias, headache, chills, cough, rhinitis
Findings: Erythema, edema of throat, tender posterior cervical nodes
Bacterial Pharyngitis
Hx: sudden onset of fever, severe sore throat, malaise, absence of cough or URI
Findings: Fever > 101.5, exudate, anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
Fungal Pharyngitis
“Findings: White plaques over tongue, and oral mucosa with erythema, plaques bleed when scraped.
Curdlike white plaques that bleed when scraped off”
Sinusitis
Hx: Frontal headache that worsens with forward movement, sore throat and cough from post nasal discharge,
Findings: Tender on percussion, or do not transilluminate, purulent nasal discharge. Posterior pharynx with redness due to postnasal drippings
Aphthous Ulcers:
“Findings: Ulcers are located on inner lip, tongue, buccal mucosa and last about 1 - 2 weeks, Discrete and appear without a preceding vesicle.
Shallow, no vesicles, indurated with yellow membrane, red halo, no fever or nodes”
Herpes Simplex:
Findings: Perioral lesions, lymphadenitis, vesicles on palate, pharynx, gingiva
Allergic Rhinitis:
Findings: Pale, boggy mucosa, rhinorrhea with clear, watery mucus. Mucosa may be pale, bluish or red
Laryngitis:
Findings: Larynx redness, edema of vocal cords, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis,
Hx: Sore throat, loudness & quality of voice affected
Croup
Findings: Barking cough, low grade fever, wheeze, hoarseness, edema of vocal chords, respiratory distress, hypoxia, stridor, nasal flaring, altered LOC
Corneal Ulcers
Presents with pain, photophobia, diffuse ciliary injection, visual acuity is markedly decreased
Findings: Red eye, normal to impaired vision, pain, topical application of fluorscein to the cornea revealing ulcers should lead you to suspect HSV, can occur uni or bilateral,
