Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing > HEENT/NECK (Advanced Physical Examination and D/D) > Flashcards

HEENT/NECK (Advanced Physical Examination and D/D) Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the CAGE Questionnaire?

A

The 4 simple questions are “Have you ever:

(1) felt the need to cut down your drinking;
(2) felt annoyed by criticism of your drinking;
(3) had guilty feelings about drinking; and
(4) taken a morning eye opener?

A score of 2 to 3 indicates a high index of suspicion and a score of 4 is virtually diagnostic for alcoholism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Normal Vision of

  1. Newborn
  2. 2 months
  3. 4 months
  4. 6 - 10 months
  5. 3-5 years
  6. 6 years
A
  1. Newborn can fix and follow to midline
  2. 2 months can fix and follow greater midline
  3. 4 months fix and follow greater than or equal to 180 degrees
  4. 6-10 months can fix and follow in all directions
  5. 3-5 years 20/50 – 20/30
  6. 6 years 20/25 or 20
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Refractive errors?

A

are the most common visual disorder in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Myopia?

A

(nearsightedness) able to see close objects clearly, distant objects are blurry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Hyperopia?

A

(farsightedness) able to see distant objects clearly, close objects are blurry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Astigmatism?

A

is uneven curvature of the cornea or the lens. Vision is blurry at near and far distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Amblyopia?

A

is subnormal visual acuity in one or both eyes due to defective development of the visual pathways
deprivational-something interferes with a clear retinal image
strabismic-disparity of the eye axes. Malalignment
refractive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are Signs and Symptoms

of Abnormal Vision?

A 
Squinting
Fatigue
Headache
Eye pain
Dizziness
Unequal use of eyes
Developmental delay
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Strabismus?

A

Known also as lazy eye. This is malalignment because the muscles of the eyes are not coordinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who does Strabismus

affect?

A

Affects 4% of children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 Types of Strabismus?

A

Phoria

Tropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Phoria?

A

intermittent deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Tropia?

A

consistent or intermittent deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What Terms explain the direction of the deviation?

A 
Hyper
                    Hypo
                    Exo
                    Eso
                   Cyclo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Strabismus?

A

Squinting
Head tilting
Face turning
Marked decrease in visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?

A

Ruptured conjunctival blood vessels occurring spontaneously or secondary to increase intrathoracic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?

A

erythema in the bulbar conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the treatment for Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?

A

Observation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Conjunctivitis?

A

An Eye Infection.

Inflammation of the palpebral or bulbar conjunctiva

Etiology often indicated by age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Unilateral,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Eye Infections

Signs and Symptoms

A

erythema, burning, stinging, itching, sensation of FB in the eye, photophobia, purulent discharge, and symptoms URI, OM, pharyngitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

S/S of Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Signs and Symptoms: erythema of lids and conjunctiva, burning, stinging, itching (severe), sensation of FB in the eye, tearing (severe), mucoid discharge, cobblestone papillary hypertrophy in the tarsal conjunctiva, symptoms of rhinitis, eczema, and allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Allergic Conjunctivitis?

A

A bilateral. Seasonal allergies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Hordelum?

A

Stye. Infection of the sebaceous glands of the eyelids (external) or the meibomian glands of the eyelids (internal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What type of pathogens is associated with HORDEOLUM?
Pathogens: Staph, pseudomonas
26
What are the s/s of Hordeolum?
Signs and Symptoms: Painful swollen lesion along the eyelid margin
27
What are some types of Exams of the Ear?
VS. Growth parameter. Developmental assessment Gross Inspection: tags, pits, position Palpation: push tragus, tap mastoid process Otoscopic exam Pneumatic otoscopy Tympanometry Acoustic Reflectometry Audiometry-screening tests each ear at 20 dB and frequencies of 500. 1000. 2000. 4000Hz
28
What is Normal Hearing?
20dB=whisper 35-40dB=normal speaking 90dB=produces pain 250-4000Hz=normal speaking range ``` Normal 2-25dB Mild loss 26-40dB Moderate loss 41-55dB Severe loss 71-90dB Profound loss 91+dB ```
29
What is Frequency?
Frequency=pitch measured in Hertz units
30
What is Intensity?
Intensity=loudness measured in decibels
31
What is an Audiogram?
Audiogram measures the softest tone heard by the child at a given frequency
32
What is Otitis Externa?
Swimmer’s Ear. An Inflammatory reaction of the external auditory canal (EAC).
33
What Pathogens cause Otitis Externa?
Pathogens: pseudomonas. Staph, strep pyogenes, fungal, and FB Causes a change in the acidic environment of the EAC which promotes the growth of bacteria and/or fungus
34
What are some S/S of Otitis Externa?
Signs and Symptoms: Pain, esp. with movement of the tragus or pinna, erythema and edema of the EAC, debris in the EAC, rare otorrhea, regional lymphadenopathy
35
Who does Otitis Media affect?
Most common reason children
36
What is the Diagnosis of Acute Otitis Media?
Upper respiratory tract infection Pain, irritability, pulling Fever
37
What is the Clinical Definition of Acute Otitis Media?
Recent, often abrupt, onset | signs, symptoms develop over
38
What is Middle ear effusion?
bulging of the TM or limited or absent mobility of the | TM or air fluid level or otorrhea
39
What is Middle ear inflammation?
erythema of the TM or otalgia interfering with activity | or sleep
40
What is Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)?
Fluid within the middle ear without symptoms or signs of acute infection
41
Middle Ear Effusion (MME)?
Fluid within the middle ear. Term which encompasses both AOM and OME
42
List Two Disorders of the Nose?
Epistaxis Foreign Body
43
List Two Disorders of the Mouth?
Aphthous Stomatitis Oral Candidiasis
44
What are some Disorders of the Upper Airway?
Tonsillar Hypertrophy Snoring Obstructive Sleep Apnea
45
What is Pharyngitis?
GABHS Group A Beta Hemolytic Steptococcus
46
List 7 Viral Pharyngitis?
``` Adenovirus Epstein-Barr Parainfluenza Influenza HSV RSV ``` Other: M.pneumoniae
47
List 3 types of Sinusitis?
Acute Bacterial Sinusitis Subacute Bacterial Sinusitis Recurrent Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
48
What is Acute Bacterial Sinusitis?
infection lasting
49
What is Subacute Bacterial Sinusitis?
infection lasting 30-90 days and symptoms reso
50
What is Recurrent Acute Bacterial Sinusitis?
episodes each lasting
51
What is Epiglottitis?
Life-threatening bacterial infection usually in children 2-7 years
52
Characteristics of Epiglottitis?
Enlarged, indistinct epiglottis on lateral film (thumb sign)
53
What are S/S of Epiglottitis?
Acute onset fever,distress, dysphagia, drooling,dysphonia
54
What is another name for Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Croup
55
Definition of Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Croup: acute upper airway obstruction at the larynx characterized by inspiratory stirdor and barking cough.
56
Who is Laryngotracheobronchitis seen mostly in? And during what time?
Usually children 3months-5years. Seen more in the late fall and winter
57
How does Laryngotracheobronchitis present?
Gradual onset of symptoms, often after a mild URI
58
What pathogens are associated with Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Pathogens: Parainfluenza1,2,3 adenovirus, RSV, and influenza
59
What are some PMH associated with the Ear?
``` PMH: pre and post natal factors maternal illness/drugs prematurity trauma/infections last hearing screen/audiology systemic disease ```
60
What are some FH associated with the Ear?
FH: hearing impairment or loss congenital defects systemic disease
61
What are some SH associated with the Ear?
``` SH: daycare methods of feeding smokers swimming pacifier use ```
62
What are some PMH of Eye Disorders?
PMH: Pre and post natal factors (prematurity) Trauma Infections Last vision screen/ophthalmologist Systemic disease
63
What are some FH of Eye Disorders?
FH: Eye disease Congenital defects Systemic disease
64
What are some Exams for Eye Disorders?
Exam: VS. Growth parameters Gross Inspection: lids, orbits, bulbar conjunctiva, lacrimal structures, size, Symmetry, reactivity of pupils, EOM, Red reflex (Bruchner test) Fundoscopic Peripheral visual fields Ocular mobility and alignment (Hirshberg test or corneal light reflex test and cover/uncover test) Visual acuity

Nursing (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions