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Mid term HPE > HEENT terms > Flashcards

HEENT terms Flashcards

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1
Q

lower extremity BP lower than upper

A

happens at descending aorta: coarctation of the aorta or occlusive aortic dz

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2
Q

BP difference 10-15mmhg in arms (higher in area being impaired)

A

subclavian steal syndrome (stenosis one are will have diff reading) and aortic dissection (before it branches)

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3
Q

too small cuff

A

higher BP

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4
Q

too big cuff

A

read low on sm arm and high on lg arm

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5
Q

hyperopia

A

farstightedness, difficult seeing up close

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6
Q

pesbyopsia

A

impaired vision d/t aging

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7
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted, hard seeing far away

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8
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens of eye, causes slow central impair/ vision loss or blindness

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9
Q

macular degeneration

A

progressive damage to macula causing slow central loss of vision

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10
Q

hemianopsia

A

absence of vision in half the field

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11
Q

scrotoma

A

blind spot in vision suggests lesion in retina or visual pathway

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12
Q

vitreous floaters

A

moving speck/ strands in visual field, new onset suggests detach of vitreous from retina

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13
Q

diplopia

A

double vision, seen in lesions in bstem or cerebellum or if weak EOM Muscles.

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14
Q

horizontal diplopia

A

palsy from CNlll and Vl

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15
Q

Vertical Diplopia

A

palsy from CNlll and lV

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16
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

interference of sound waves to cochlea; noisy environments help

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17
Q

SNhearing loss

A

damage to cochleas receptor cells or to auditory nerves, aka nerve deafness; trouble understanding speech, complain that others are mumbling, noisy environments make hearing worse

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18
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in ears with no external source

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19
Q

menieres dz

A

disorder of inner ear causing vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss

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20
Q

vertigo

A

perception that pt/ environment is spinning or rotating

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21
Q

presyncope

A

feeling of faintness and impending LOC

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22
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

clear nasal discharge “runnynose”

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23
Q

allergic rhinits

A

the rxn of the nasal mucosa to a specific allergen

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24
Q

drug induced rhinitis

A

excessive use of decongestants, or cocaine

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25
epistaxis
bleeding from nose
26
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx "sore throat"
27
lacrimal apparatus
structures that produce, store and remove tears
28
aqueous humor
fills ant and post chambers of eye, supports, nourishes and removes waster for cornea, produced by the ciliary process, returned to circulation via sclera venous sinus (watery)
29
snellen eye chart
one of several charts used in testing visual acuity, letters, numbers or symbols are arranged on the chart in decreasing size from top to bottm.
30
Visual acuity
expressed as 20/30; first number indicates pt distance from snellen chart, 2nd number indicates the distance which the normal eye can read the line of letters
31
legally blind
20/200
32
Hirschberg test
corneal light reflex exam checking ocular alignment (tropias)
33
Hypotropia
condition where eye points downward
34
hypertropia
condition in which the eyes point upward
35
exotropia
outward turning of the eye
36
esotropia
inward turning of the eye
37
cover/uncover test
to detect strabismus, uncovering affected eye causes it to focus
38
ptosis
low lying upper eyelid during primary gaze
39
lid lag
abnormal white rim of sclera, visible between the upper eyelid and the iris when a person moves the eye downward
40
lagophthalmos
inablity to close the eyelids completely; seen in Bell's Phenomenon: CN Vll
41
chalazion
nodule or cyst, usually on upper eyelid, caused by obstruction in a sebaceous gland
42
hordeolum
stye, red painful pustule that is a localized infection of hair follicle at eyelid margin
43
xanthelasma
raised yellowish plaque on eyelid caused by lipid disorder
44
dacyroadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal glands
45
dacyrocystitis
infection of the lacrimal sac
46
schirmer tear test
diagnostic test using a graded paper strip to measure tear production (look for sjorgens)
47
arcus senilus
a benign white or gray opaque ring in the corneal margin of eye
48
kayser-fleischer rings
wilson disease, decreased ceruloplasmin and increased urine copper (copper like rings in eye)
49
corneal abrasian
scratch on cornea
50
HSV keratitis
corneal vesicles, dendritic ulcers pain, photophobia, blurred vision, tearing, redness hx prior episodes present
51
coloboma
defect in the devo of a portion of iris, cat eye (hole in the cornea)
52
iritis
inflammation of iris
53
ciliary flush
dilated conjunctival vessels, violet hue around iris
54
hyphema
blood in ant chamber of eye
55
hypopyon
pus in ant chamber of eye
56
narrow angle glaucoma
a crescent shadow nasally
57
swinging flashlight test
compare the direct and consensual reflexes in the same eye, assess optic nerve damage (relative afferent pupillary defect - Marcus Gunn)
58
Near reaction
when a persons shifts their gaze from a far object to a near one their pupils constrict mediated by CNlll, convergence of the eyes and accomodations (lens decreases in size and becomes thicker)
59
miosis
constricted pupils
60
mydriasis
dilated pupils
61
horners syndrome
ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
62
argyll robertson pupil
pupil does NOT react to light, does constrict with accomodation
63
anisocria
unequal pupil size; oculomotor Nerve Palsy (CNlll); seeen in UNcal Herniation, cerebral aneurysm, trauma or tumor
64
Dysconjugate gaze
failure of the eyes to turn together in same direction
65
EOM mvmts (H-Test)
ask pt to keep head stead while following finger with their eyes, trace and H pattern to eval Six cardinal directions of gaze. Watch eye movements for any impairment of motion and note which direction is imparied LR6SO4AO3; also assess for lid lag and nystagmus
66
convergence test
ask pt to stare at tip of your finger as you bring your finger in towards the pt's nose, noting that the pupils should constrict as both eyes move medially
67
red reflex
red glow that appears to fill persons pupil when first visualized thru ophthalmoscope
68
optic disc
region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina (IT IS THE BLIND SPOT of eye bc it contains only nerve fibers, no rods or cones, thus insensitive to light)
69
Fovea
central focal point in the retina, around which the eyes cones cluster
70
papilledema
swelling and inflamm of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye thru the optic disc; loss of spont venous pulsations, disc margin blurred, non visible cup
71
valsalva otoscopy
eardrum should move slightly when pinch nose and blow out w pinched lips: (valsalva action provides insufflation)
72
Pneumotic otoscopy
procedure that assess ability of TM to move in response to a change in air pressure (otoscope provides insufflation)
73
whispered voice test
initial screening to determine need for further testing of client's hearing (use fingers to close one ear while whisper some numbers into other ear)
74
weber test
test using tuning fork; distinguishes between conductive vs SNhearing loss
75
weber results
SNHL (in one ear): hear tone in better ear, Conductive HL (in one ear): hear tone in bad ear (use 512hz tuning fork)
76
rinne test
hearing test using a 512 hz tuning fork; checks for difference in bone conduction vs air conduction
77
rinne test results
normally sound is hear longer thru air than thru bone (AC>BC= SNHL). if its longer through bone its conductive hearing loss (BC>AC= ConductiveHL).
78
Sinus percussion
percuss sinus areas using direct percussion (lightly tap over each area w index finger)
79
Transillumination
the passage of strong light thru a body structure, to permit inspection by an observer of the opposite side
80
HEENT lymph nodes
10- enlarged lymph nodes usu indicate Pharyngitis or Sinusitis

Mid term HPE (1 decks)

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