Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology - Parasitology > Helminths > Flashcards

Helminths Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which nematodes cause GI infection?

A 
Enterobious vermicularis
Ascaris lumbricoides
Strongyloides
Ancystyloma, Necator americanus
Trichinella spiralis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which nematode is pinworm?

A

Enterobious vermicularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mode of transmission of E. vermicularis?

A

Fecal oral, ingestion of eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the manfestation of E. vermicularis infection?

A

Anal pruritis at night. No eosinophilia!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the test for E. vermicularis?

A

Tape test can show eggs, at night adults may be seen w/ naked eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment for E. vermicularis?

A

Bendazoles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long do E. verminicularis worms get?

A

1 cm long.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which nematode is giant roundworm?

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides?

A

Fecal oral, ingestion of eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How big do Ascaris lumbricoides grow to?

A

20-30cm. Eggs visible in feces under microscope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the disease manifestation of ascaris lumbridoides?

A
  1. Intestinal infection with possible ileocecal valve obstruction.
  2. Cough/fever if larvae in lungs
  3. Eosinophilia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is ascaris lumbricoides treated?

A

Bendazoles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mode of transmission for strongyloides?

A

Larvae in soil penetrate skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How big do strongyloides grow to be?

A

2mm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the disease presentation of strongyloides?

A

Intestinal infection, vomiting/diarrhea, epigastric pain (may feel like ulcer). Eosinophilia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is strongyloides treated?

A

Bendazoles or ivermectin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the two hookworm species?

A

Ancystyloma duodenale, necator americanus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the mode of transmission of hookworms?

A

Larvae penetrate skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the disease manifestation of hookworms?

A

Intestinal infection causing anemia by sucking blood from intestinal walls; lead to iron deficiency anemia, diarrhea, weight loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the treatment for hookworms?

A

Bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate (ok in pregnancy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the mode of transmission for trichinella spiralis?

A

Fecal-oral, ingestion of encysted larvae in undercooked meat (esp pork)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What symptoms does trichinella spiralis cause?

A

Intestinal infection
Larvae enter bloodstream and form cysts in striated muscle–> inflammation of muscle
Trichinosis: Fever, N/V, periorbital edema, myalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the treatment for trichinella spiralis?

A

Bendazoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which nematodes invade tissue?

A

Onchocerca volvulus
Loa Loa
Wuchereria bancrofti
Toxocara canis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the route of transmission of onchocerca volvulus? Where is it endemic?
Female blackfly bite | Africa, Central & South America
26
What do onchocerca volvulus look like?
Filariae: threadlike roundworms | Microfilariae - offspring, transmitted via black fly
27
What are the sx of onchorcerca volvulus infection?
Hyperpigmented or lizardy skin, River blindness (black fly, black skin nodules, black sight). Allergic rxn to microfiliare possible
28
What is the treatment for onchocerca volvulus?
ivermectin
29
What is the mode of transmission of loa loa?
deer fly, horse fly, mango fly
30
What is the disease manifestation of loa loa?
swelling in skin, worm in conjunctiva
31
What is the treatment for loa loa?
Diethylcarbamazine
32
What is the mode of tranmission of w. bancrofti?
Female mosquito.
33
Where is W. bancrofti endemic?
Pacific islands and Africa
34
What is the disease manifestation of w. bancrofti?
Elephantiasis: worms & fibrous tissue block lymphatic vessels. 9mo-1yr after bite.
35
What is the treatment of w. bancrofti?
Diethylcarbamazine
36
What is the route of transmission of toxocara canis?
Ingestion of dog roundworm eggs, which cannot mature in humans.
37
What is the disease manifestation of toxocara canis?
Visceral larva migrans: Migration of larvae through the body results in fever, diarrhea, wheezing, hepattis and visual loss from chorioretinitis *Eosinophilia.
38
What is the treatment of toxocara canis?
Bendazoles
39
Which nematodes cause infection by ingestion?
EATT: Enterobious, Ascaris, Trichinella, Toxocara
40
Which nematodes cause infection by cutaneous route?
from SANd: Strongyloides, Ancylostoma, Necator
41
Which nematodes cause infection by bite?
lay LOW! Loa Loa (deer fly, horse fly, mango fly), Onchocerca volv (black fly), W. bancrofti (mosquito)
42
What are the routes of transmission of taenia solium?
Ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork | Ingestion of eggs
43
What does ingestion of t. solium larvae cause?
Intestinal infection
44
What does ingestion of t. solium eggs cause?
Cysticerosis, neurocysticerosis. Calcified, inflammatory cysts cuased by larve migration. Eosinophilia.
45
What is the treatment for t. solium?
Praziquantel, albendazole for neurocysticercosis.
46
What is the mode of transmission of diphyllobothrium latum?
Ingestion of larvae from raw freshwater fish
47
What is the disease manifestation of diphyllobothrium?
Vitamin B12 deficiency: tapeworms competes for B12 in intestine. --> megaloblastic anemia.
48
What is the treatment for diphyllobothrium latum?
Praziquantel
49
What is the route of transmission of echinococcus granulosus?
Ingestion of eggs from dog feces | Sheep are an intermediate host
50
What is the disease manifestation of echinococcus?
Hydatid cysts in liver; causes anaphylaxis if antigens released; hydatid cysts injected with ethanol or hypertonic saline to kill daughter cysts before removal.
51
What is the treatment of echinococcus?
Albendazole
52
What is the route of transmission of schistosoma?
Snails are hosts, cercariae penetrate skin of humans.
53
What is the disease manifestation of Schistosomiasis mansoni?
Liver and spleen enlargement, fibrosis and enlargement
54
What does S. mansoni look like histologically?
Egg w/ lateral spine.
55
What is the disease manifestation of Schistosomiasis haemotobium?
Squamous cell cancer of the bladder - painless hematuria and pulmonary HTN.
56
What does Schistosomiasis haemotobium look like histologically?
Egg w/ terminal spine.
57
What is the treatment for schistosomiasis?
praziquantel
58
What is the route of transmission for clonorchis sinensis?
Undercooked fish
59
What is the disease manifestation of clonorchis sinensis?
Biliary tract inflammation --> pigmented gallstones. | Associated with cholangiocarcinoma.
60
What is the treatment for clonorchis sinensis?
Praziquantal.

Microbiology - Parasitology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions