Helping Relationships Flashcards
(135 cards)
Roger’s 6 Conditions for Change
Psychological contact, client incongruence, counselor congruence, counselor unconditional positive regard, counselor empathy, client perception of the relationship
5 Factor Model OCEAN
(Personality breakdown) Openness, Conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
Stages of counseling (3 key stages)
Relationship building, action/intervention, termination
Stages of Change (SOC)
Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination (Prochaska, DiClemente, Norcross)
Precontemplation
Unaware problem exists, and no intention to change. People often in counseling bc of other’s pressure
Contemplation
People aware that a problem exists and realize benefits to change. Think about cons of changing though
Preparation
Not yet able to take successful action to change, but fully intending to make changes in near future
Action
People begin to modify their behaviors and take visible action towards change
Maintenance
Individuals free from original problem and able to sustain action for extended periods of time, preventing relapse
Termination
Change process completed
Psychological first aid
Used to respond to people who experienced disaster, terror attack, or other disturbing event. Basic needs must be met first, then connect individual to family/community
Attending (2 types of encouragers) (counseling skill)
Verbal and nonverbal, used by counselor to show they are actively listening and interested. 2 types of encouragers (door openers, and minimal encourages)
Questioning (2 types) (counseling skill)
Open and closed
Reflecting (counseling skill)
Used to show you understand the client’s emotions. Express empathy, encourage further discussion
Paraphrasing (counseling skill)
Repeating the essence of what client has said in your own words
Summarizing (counseling skill)
Use at end of session to recap
Empathetic understanding (counseling skill)
Counselor’s ability to accurately understand client’s perspective in situation, but remain separate from client’s experience
Confronting (counseling skill)
Inform clients about discrepancies in their words/behaviors/feelings/nonverbal communication in order to increase self awareness
Interpreting (counseling skill)
Suggest possible reasons for client behavior/thoughts/feelings, help them find hidden meaning
Self-disclosure (counseling skill)
Sharing personal info to help connect with client, give feedback
Feedback (counseling skill)
Share thoughts, feelings, impressions about the client directly with him/her. Help client gain self awareness
Giving information (counseling skill)
Provide client with info to help achieve goals
Psychodynamic Theorists
Freud, Adler, Jung
Determinism
People’s actions are predetermiend by forces of which they are unaware