Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology 2 - CEU MLS > Hematologic Malignancies > Flashcards

Hematologic Malignancies Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

cancer of leukocytes?

cancer of lymphocytes?

cancer of plasma cells?

A

leukemia

lymphoma

multiple myeloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lymphoid progenitor cells

A

lymphoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

myeloid progenitor cells

A

myelobast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

term used relating to blood and body tissues that make it

A

Hematologic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues

A

Malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

can spread to other body parts through blood and lymph systems

A

Malignant cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should

A

Neoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

types of neoplasm

A

Benign neoplasm (not cancer)
Malignant neoplasm (cancer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hematologic Malignancies/Neoplasms include

A

leukemias
lymphomas
myelodysplastic syndromes (preleukemias)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Initiate in a hematopoietic cell as a result of acquisition of 1 or more mutations in key genes that regulate cell growth (proliferation), survival, differentiation, or maturation

A

Hematologic Malignancies/Neoplasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Occur in hematopoietic cells of all lineages and at various stages of their development

A

Hematologic Malignancies/Neoplasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F

Most hematologic neoplasms are localized

A

F

Most are SYSTEMIC at initiation of malignant process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FACTORS RELATED TO OCCURRENCE OF LEUKEMIA

A

Genetic
Immunological factors
Viral and bacterial agents
Environmental exposure
Chemical and drug exposure
Occupational exposure
Secondary causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

top 5 killer-cancer in the Philippines

A

Leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most common leukemia type? age groups affected? survival rate?

A

lymphoid leukemia

Filipino children and elderly over 70 y/o

5-year survival rate of only 5.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a disease, usually of leukocytes, in the blood and bone marrow? 2 forms of this disease?

A

LEUKEMIA

  1. Acute Leukemia
  2. Chronic Leukemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Predominant cell type of Acute Leukemia

A

precursor cell or blast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Predominant cell type of Chronic Leukemia

A

Mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Onset of Acute Leukemia

A

Sudden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Onset of Chronic Leukemia

A

Insidious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Symptoms of Acute Leukemia

A

Fever (neutropenia-induced infection)

Mucocutaneous bleeding (thrombocytopenia)

Fatigue (anemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Symptoms of Chronic Leukemia

A

Variable,
nonspecific; some
asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Acute Leukemia WBC count

A

Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chronic Leukemia WBC count

A

Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Acute Leukemia progression without treatment
Rapid; weeks to months
26
Chronic Leukemia progression without treatment
Slower; months to years
27
type of leukemia with symptoms of short duration
acute
28
type of leukemia with symptoms of long duration
chronic
29
type of leukemia with many immature cell forms in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood
acute
30
type of leukemia with mostly mature cell forms in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood
chronic
31
type of leukemia with elevated total leukocyte count
acute
32
type of leukemia with total leukocyte count that range from extremely elevated to lower than normal
chronic
33
general term for malignancy that starts in the lymph system, mainly in the lymph nodes? types?
LYMPHOMAS 1. Hodgkin Lymphoma 2. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
34
Proliferation of malignant lymphocytes with a basophilic vacuolated cytoplasm with starry sky pattern due to numerous tangible body macrophage that are arrested at certain stages of maturation
HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
35
Hallmark of HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
Reed-Sternberg cell
36
large binucleated/multinucleated cell resembles owl's eye appearance with each nucleus bearing a very large nucleolus
Reed-Sternberg cell
37
NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA is aka
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
38
Reed-Sternberg is absent but mixed population of lymphocytes, histiocytes, eosinophils and some plasma cells are present.
NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
39
cells overgrows, forming a mass or tumor that is located in the bone marrow
MYELOMA
40
Overproduction of various types of immature or mature leukocytes in BM and or peripheral blood
Leukemia
41
Solid malignant tumors of lymph nodes
Lymphoma
42
Overproduction of plasma cells in BM with concurrent abnormal production of proteins
Myeloma
43
cell types in leukemia
leukocytes of myelogenous or lymphocytic cell type
44
Site of malignant cells in leukemia
malignant cells freely trespass BB barrier
45
Site of malignant cells in lymphoma
malignant cells initially confined to organs containing MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE CELLS (lymph nodes, spleen , liver, BM)
46
Site of malignant cells in myeloma
Plasma cells forms a mass/tumor located in BM
47
can spill over into the circulating blood and present a leukemic appearing picture on a PBS
Lymphomas
48
LEUKEMIAS are derived from the ancient Greek words:
leukos - “white” haima - “blood”
49
rapid, clonal proliferation in bone marrow of lymphoid or myeloid progenitor cells known as lymphoblasts and myeloblasts, respectively
Acute leukemia
50
T/F When the proliferation of blasts overwhelms the bone marrow, blasts are seen in the peripheral blood and the patient’s symptoms reflect suppression of hematopoiesis
T
51
T/F For most cases of acute leukemia, the causes directly related to the development of the malignancy are UNKNOWN.
T
52
exceptions that exist as cause of acute leukemia
toxins - induce genetic changes leading to a malignant phenotype
53
Environmental exposures known to lead to hematopoietic malignancies
radiation exposure to organic solvents (benzene)
54
T/F Rarely, leukemias can be seen in patients with known familial cancer predisposition syndromes
T
55
Induced DNA damage in hematopoietic cells due to alkylating agents and other forms of chemotherapy
Therapy-related leukemias
56
classification devised in the 1970s and 1980s
French-American-British (FAB) classification of acute leukemias
57
based largely on morphologic characteristics and examination of routine histologic stain preparations to distinguish lymphoid neoplasms from myeloid neoplasms
French-American-British (FAB) Classification
58
French-American-British (FAB) Classification is separated into 3 broad leukocytes groups
1. Myelogenous 2. Monocytic 3. Lymphocytic
59
Major types of leukocytic leukemias can be classified as acute or chronic according to leukocyte group in FAB Classification
▪ Acute or Chronic Myelogenous ▪ Acute or Chronic Monocytic ▪ Acute or Chronic Myelomonocytic ▪ Acute or chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
60
Published in 2001 and updated in 2008 and 2016, in collaboration with the Society for Hematopathology and the European Association for Haematopathology
World Health Organization (WHO) Classification
61
classification considers clinical features, morphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics
World Health Organization (WHO) Classification
62
Uses broad categories of mature lymphoid neoplasms, myeloid neoplasms, and acute leukemia
World Health Organization (WHO) Classification
63
More precise classification of many of the leukocyte neoplasms based on recurring chromosomal and genetic lesions found in many patients.
World Health Organization (WHO) Classification
64
Subtypes of ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIAS by FAB Classification
M0 M1 M2 M3 M4 M4eo M5a M5b M6 M7
65
Subtype: Acute myeloid leukemia, minimally differentiated
M0
66
Subtype: Acute myeloid leukemia, without maturation
M1
67
Subtype: Acute myeloid leukemia, with maturation
M2
68
Subtype: Acute promyelocytic leukemia
M3
69
Subtype: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
M4
70
Subtype: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia
M4eo
71
Subtype: Acute monocytic leukemia, poorly differentiated
M5a
72
Subtype: Acute monocytic leukemia, well differentiated
M5b
73
Subtype: Acute erythroleukemia
M6
74
Subtype: Acute megakaryocytic leukemia
M7

Hematology 2 - CEU MLS (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions