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BSN1A - health assessment > Hematologic System HA > Flashcards

Hematologic System HA Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What are the primary functions of the blood?

A

Transportation, Defense, Maintenance of Homeostasis

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2
Q

What carries oxygen and nutrients to the different parts of the body?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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3
Q

Leukocyte is the medical term for which blood cell?

A

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

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4
Q

Neutrophil, Monophil, Eosinophil, Basophil are part of which blood cell?

A

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

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5
Q

Problems in oxygenation would cause changes in which blood cell?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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6
Q

Presence of bacterial infection would likely cause changes in which blood cell?

A

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

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7
Q

Allergies and viral infection would cause changes in which blood cell?

A

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

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8
Q

Clotting is a primary function of which blood cell?

A

Platelets

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9
Q

Which blood cell has a lifespan of 120 days?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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10
Q

Eating foods rich in iron, folate, and Vitamin B12 would likely help the function of which blood cell?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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11
Q

A patient who has liver disorder would cause a decreased ability of which blood cell in its function?

A

Platelets

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12
Q

A patient who complains of fatigue would likely have changes in which of the blood cells?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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13
Q

Which of the blood cells would a nurse check if the patient is complaining of bleeding?

A

Platelets

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14
Q

A patient is having bruises and petechiae. What blood cell would likely be checked to validate the cause?

A

Platelets

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15
Q

This blood component is decreased in anemia?

A

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

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16
Q

What are the risk factors to consider when collecting subjective data for hematologic assessment?

A
  • Family History/Genetic Predisposition
  • Ethnicity
  • Age
  • Environmental Exposures
  • Diet and Nutrition
  • Medications and Herbal Preparations
  • Underlying Health Conditions
  • Religious Practices
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17
Q

Which ethinicities commonly carry or have sickle cell disease?

A

South Asians and Africans

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18
Q

Give an example of environment exposure that would potentially affect the hematologic system?

A

Radiation

This affects that hematopoietic ability of bone marrow to do its job (create RBC).

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19
Q

In terms of medication, chemotherapy agents are considered as factors that affect the blood. Why?

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A

Chemotherapy agents affect and destroy fast growing cells. This includes cancer cells and RBCs.

20
Q

What are the alterations in function associated with hematologic issues?

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A
  • Oxygenation
  • Hemostasis
  • Host defense or Immunity
21
Q

Identify the blood cell according to the abnormality/impairment given.

  • fatigue
  • SOB
  • syncope
22
Q

Identify the blood cell according to the abnormality/impairment given.

  • s/sx of infection
  • swollen lymph nodes
  • fever
23
Q

Identify the blood cell according to the abnormality/impairment given.

  • excessive bleeding/bruising
  • prolonged bleeding
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A

platelets/thrombocytes

24
Q

What does albumin do for the body?

Study These Flashcards
A

Oncotic Pressure
It keeps the fluid part of your blood from leaking out of the blood vessels.

Low albumin levels may lead to edema.

25
What type of assessment is done when collecting subjective data to assess the hematologic system of a patient?
**review of systems** (ROS)
26
Spoon nails or koilonychia is a tell-tale sign for what disease?
**anemia**
27
Give an example of a disorder in the head and neck region when the hematologic system is jeopardized?
**Glossitis** ## Footnote Inflammation of the tongue, causing swelling, redness, and potentially a smooth, sore surface
28
What essential component does the kidney synthesize for the hematologic system?
**erythropoietin** (EPO) ## Footnote This stimulates RBC production in bone marrows.
29
List the following things the liver synthesizes and contributes to the hematologic system.
- clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X) - albumin ## Footnote Vitamin K is an essential vitamin that allows the liver to produce clotting factors.
30
What problems associated with the hematologic system affect the abdominal region of the body?
- splenomegaly - hepatomegaly | **General Organomegaly**
31
# Define Differentiate melena and hematochezia.
**melena: black, tarry stool; UGI bleeding** **hematochezia: bright red stool; LGI bleeding**
32
How does Vitamin B12 affect the hematologic system?
**Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is crucial for the formation of healthy red blood cells and the proper function of the nervous system.** ## Footnote Along with DNA synthesis!
33
What does a Complete Blood Count assess?
**Various blood components, including RBCs, WBCs, platelets, hematocrit (HCT), and hemoglobin (Hgb)**
34
What is INR for?
**A standardized blood test used to measure how quickly blood clots.**
35
What is the Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) used to measure?
**Blood’s ability to clot through the extrinsic pathway** | WAR-out ## Footnote To check right dosage of Warfarin.
36
What does Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) assess?
**Blood’s ability to clot through the intrinsic pathway** | HEPA-in ## Footnote To check right intake of Heparin.
37
# Define Differentiate the extrinsic and intrinsic pathway.
**Extrinsic: activated by external trauma; bleed out** **Intrinsic: internal vessel damage; internal hemmorhage**
38
What are Iron Studies used to diagnose?
**Iron-deficiency anemia and other disorders related to iron metabolism**
39
What is a Bone Marrow Aspiration & Biopsy used for?
**Determining the presence of severe blood disorders, such as leukemia**
40
What does TIBC stand for?
**total iron-binding capacity**
41
What are some physical assessment findings consistent with hematologic alterations?
* Pale skin * Petechiae and ecchymoses * Pale mucous membranes and nail beds * Bilateral enlargement of cervical lymph nodes * Normal cardiovascular findings * Shortness of breath with minimal exertion
42
True or False: Newborns have high levels of platelet and clotting factors.
**False** ## Footnote This is why prophylactic Vitamin K is adminstered among newborns.
43
What should be checked for in patients with chronic kidney disease regarding blood production?
**Less erythropoietin may be produced, resulting in anemia**
44
What is the normal range of RBCs for adults?
**Male: 135-180 g/L** **Female: 115-160 g/L**
45
What is the normal range of WBCs for adults?
**4.00 - 11.00 x10^9/L**
46
What is the normal range of platelets for adults?
**150 - 400 x10^9/L**
47
Among the white blood cells, which has the highest and lowest normal count?
**Highest: Neutrophils** **Lowest: Basophils**

BSN1A - health assessment (3 decks)

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