Hematology

Question 1

16g Needle

Answer 1

Grey Pigs

Question 2

18g Needle

Answer 2

Green Horse, Cow, Large breed dogs

Question 3

20g Needle

Answer 3

Pink Dogs

Question 4

22g Needle

Answer 4

Blue Small dogs, cats

Question 5

25g needle

Answer 5

Red Avian, neonates, Cats (femoral vein)

Question 6

Purple Top Tube (PTT or LTT)

Answer 6

EDTA CBC

Question 7

Green Top Tube (GTT)

Answer 7

Heparin Blood Gases

Question 8

Blue Top Tube (BTT)

Answer 8

Sodium Citrate Coagulation Studies Tube must be full, mix, spin, plasma goes in another tube, refrigerate

Question 9

Grey Top Tube (GreyTT)

Answer 9

Oxylate Glucose Studies

Question 10

Red Top Tube (RTT)

Answer 10

Nothing Blood Chemistries

Question 11

Red Ring Crit

Answer 11

Heparin PCV/TP direct from pt

Question 12

Blue Ring Crit

Answer 12

Nothing PCV/TP from PTT

Question 13

Black Ring Crit

Answer 13

Heparin Avian/Reptile CBC

Question 14

PCV

Answer 14

Packed Cell Volume % of whole blood that is made up of RBC’s

Question 15

TP

Answer 15

Total Protein Amount of protein present in the fluid portion of blood

Question 16

Plasma

Answer 16

the fluid portion of anticoagulated blood

Question 17

Serum

Answer 17

the fluid portion of coagulated blood

Question 18

RBC normal ranges

Answer 18

RBC/ul Dog 5-10 Cat 5-11

Question 19

WBC normal ranges

Answer 19

WBC/ul Dog 6,000- 17,000 Cat 5,500- 19,500

Question 20

Corrected WBC

Answer 20

Only do if >5 nRBC’s WBC x 100 / nRBC’s + 100

Question 21

Platelet normal ranges

Answer 21

Dog/Cat 200,000- 500,000 plts/ul

Question 22

MCV normal ranges

Answer 22

Dog 60-70 fl Cat 39-55 fl

Question 23

MCHC normal ranges

Answer 23

Dog/Cat 30-36 g/dl

Question 24

MCV math/units

Answer 24

PCV x 10 / RBC = fl

Question 25

MCHC math/units

Answer 25

Hgb x 100 / PCV= g/dl

Question 26

MCH math/units

Answer 26

Hgb x 10 / RBC= pg

Question 27

Observed Retics math/units

Answer 27

#Retics / 1000 x 100= %

Question 28

Corr Obs Retics math/units

Answer 28

PCV x ObsRetics / PCV avg= %

Question 29

Abs Retics math/units

Answer 29

Retics / 1000 x RBC (whole #) = retic/ul

Question 30

Abs Rectic ranges

Answer 30

\> 60,000= regenative anemia \< 60,000= non-regenative anemia

Question 31

PCV normal ranges

Answer 31

Dog 37-55% Cat 30-45%

Question 32

TP normal ranges

Answer 32

Dog 5.0-7.0 g/dl Cat 5.0-8.0 g/dl

Question 33

5 differences between avian blood vs. Mammalian blood

Answer 33

1. Mature nRBC's (avian) v. Concave shape 2. Polychromasia common (avian) v. not common 3. Thrombocytes (avian) v. Platelets 4. Heterophils (avian) v. Neutrophils 5. Basophil is mononuclear (avian) v. Basophil is segmented

Question 34

Avian blood parasites

Answer 34

Hemoproteus spp. Leukocytoon spp.

Question 35

Toxic Neutrophils

Answer 35

Diffused cytoplasmic basophilia Dohle bodies Cytoplasmic vacuolization Toxic Azurophilic granules

Question 36

Granulocytes

Answer 36

Neutrophils (segs) Eosinophils Basophils

Question 37

Agranulocytes

Answer 37

Lymphocytes Monocytes

Question 38

2 types of Retics

Answer 38

Punctate- polka dots, more mature Aggregate- Clumped ribosomes, less mature, only count in cats and birds

Question 39

Why do we do a Retic count

Answer 39

to determine the bone marrow's response to anemia

Question 40

How many RBC's are counted for a retic count

Answer 40

1000 RBC and tally retics as you go

Question 41

How many WBC's are counted for a diff

Answer 41

100 cells on 40x

Question 42

Normal BV rages

Answer 42

Dog 88 mls/kg Cat 66 mls/kg

Question 43

Normal BV math/units

Answer 43

Animals wight in kg x species norm= mls

Question 44

Fluid replacement math/units

Answer 44

wt in kg x % dehydrated x 1000= mls needed

Question 45

Fibrinogen math/units

Answer 45

TP - hp x 1000= mg/dl

Question 46

TP:F math/units

Answer 46

TP / F in g/dl= (no units)

Question 47

How do you spin a crit tube

Answer 47

6000 rpm for 5 min

Question 48

What is done on 10x in the feathered edge

Answer 48

WBC distribution, Plt clumping, Abnormal cells, Microfilaria

Question 49

What is done on 10x in the monolayer

Answer 49

WBC distribution Adequate size

Question 50

What is done on 40x in the monolayer

Answer 50

WBC diff Begin morphology

Question 51

What is done on 100x oil in the monolayer

Answer 51

RBC/WBC Morphology - size, shape, color, +/- inclusions. Always quantify as mild, mod, marked Plt assessment - 8-30 app adequate - \< 8 app decreasd - \> 30 app increased

Question 52

What is done on 10x in the body

Answer 52

RBC associations Rouleaux Agglutination

Question 53

How do you tell the difference between Rouleaux and Agglutination

Answer 53

Saline wash -Rouleaux will wash away, while Agglutination will stay.

Question 54

Abnormally shaped RBC's

Answer 54

Poikiocytosis

Question 55

RBC's with no central pallor

Answer 55

Spherocytes

Question 56

2 terms for nRBC's depending on stain

Answer 56

Polychromatophil- Dif-Quik/Wright's Reticylocyte- NMB

Question 57

RBC's with long, irregular projections

Answer 57

Acanthocyte

Question 58

RBC fragments

Answer 58

Schistocytes

Question 59

RBC's with small, spike-like projections

Answer 59

Echinocytes

Question 60

RBC's with blister or vacuoles

Answer 60

Keratocytes

Question 61

RBC's with more surface area then contents

Answer 61

Leptocytes

Question 62

RBC that has a pale colored mouth area, seen only in dogs with chondrodystrophy

Answer 62

Stomatocytes

Question 63

Punched out cell

Answer 63

Torocytes

Question 64

Blister cell seen in conjunction with Heinz bodies

Answer 64

Eccentrocyte

Question 65

Empty RBC

Answer 65

ghost cell

Question 66

RNA appearing as very small spots that stain blue

Answer 66

Basophilic Stippling

Question 67

Single or double inclusions on a RBC

Answer 67

Howell-Jolly Bodies

Question 68

Clear nipple like protrusion form a cell, caused by zinc toxicity or stress in cats

Answer 68

Heinz Bodies

Question 69

What is the anatomy of a crit tube

Answer 69

RBC's, Buffy coat, Plasma Buffy coat= WBC's and Plts