Hematology and Coagulation

Question 1

Normal values for MCH

Answer 1

between 27 and 34pg

Question 2

Normal values for MCHC

Answer 2

Normal values are 33-38%

Question 3

Normal values for MCV

Answer 3

less than 80mm3 means that the cells are microcytic
greater than 100mm3 means that the cells are macrocytic
80-100mm3 means the cells are normocytic

Question 4

Glucagon is found in

Answer 4

The pancreas

Question 5

Difference between glucagon and glycogen

Answer 5

Glycogen is stored in the liver, glucagon is secreted by the pancreas

Question 6

What is billirubin?

Answer 6

A waste product from the breakdown of hemoglobin that is formed in the liver and excreted in the bile

Question 7

What is a BUN test used for?

Answer 7

Measures nitrogen portion of urea/ It is formed in the liver and is the end product of protein catabolism

Question 8

What is the GTT test

Answer 8

Glucose tolerance test. Pt is fasting, and glucose should not exceed more than 100gm/dL at start of test or 180gm/dL 1 hour later

Question 9

Cations in the blood

Answer 9

sodium (Na+)
potassium (K+)
calcium (Ca++)
magnesium (Mg++)

Question 10

Anions in the blood

Answer 10

chloride (Cl-)
bicarbonate (HCO3-)
phosphate (HPO4-)
sulfate (SO4–)

Question 11

What does the posterior pituitary gland secrete?

Answer 11

IDK

Question 12

What is hemophilia?

Answer 12

defect in coagulation cascade, inherited, sex-linked, recessive

Question 13

Clotting process

Answer 13

1. Vasoconstriction
2. blood flow
3. Platelet aggregation
4. Platelet plug
5. Coagulation factors (I and II)
6. Fibrin mesh (chemostasis)
7. Fibrinolysis with ATP (platelets and factor VIII)

Question 14

How many days should you stop aspirin before any procedures are done

Answer 14

7-10 days

Question 15

Normal pH of blood

Answer 15

7.35-7.45

Question 16

Poisonous plants

Answer 16

Castor beans
Oleander
Peach leaves
Tobacco
Cocaine
Marijuana
Opiates

Question 17

Normal levels of platelets

Answer 17

150,000-400,000/mm3

Question 18

Natural Anticoagulants

Answer 18

Heparin, Antithrombin, Plasminogen

Question 19

What are lipid tests used for?

Answer 19

Used to assess:
 cardiac risk 
 cholesterol
 triglycerides
 high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
 low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 20

Another name for folic acid deficiency

Answer 20

megaloblastic anemia

Question 21

What is aplastic anemia?

Answer 21

a condition in which the bone marrow does not make enough new blood cells

Question 22

Etiology of sickle cell

Answer 22

Inherited,

Question 23

What is ESR?

Answer 23

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate: This is the rate at which RBCs settle out of unclotted blood within 60 minutes

Question 24

What is Narcan?

Answer 24

Treatment for narcotic addiction

Question 25

How do cells look in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 25

Cells are microcytic and hypochromic

Question 26

What is CK?

Answer 26

Creatinine. This test is used to measure the renal function and glomerular filtration rate, often in conjunction with the BUN

Question 27

What is creatinine used to identify?

Answer 27

Acute or chronic renal failure, lupus, gigantism, acromegaly, shock, bladder cancer, leukemia, hypertension, acute MI, CHF and diabetic nephropathy. It is decreased in pregnancy, muscular dystrophy, eclampsia and debilitation disorders

Question 28

What do we use a calcium analysis for?

Answer 28

To assess: thyroid & parathyroid function calcium metabolism malignant disease

Question 29

Erythropenia

Answer 29

a decrease in RBC count

Question 30

Erythocytosis

Answer 30

an abnormal increase in RBCs (usually seen in patients with dehydration, severe burns, polycythemia vera, and living at high altitudes

Question 31

Normal sized RBC

Answer 31

Normocytiv

Question 32

Larger than normal RBCs

Answer 32

Macrocytic

Question 33

Smaller than normal RBCs

Answer 33

Microcytic

Question 34

Pale cells

Answer 34

Hypochromic

Question 35

Basophilic stippling

Answer 35

Precipitation of RNA

Question 36

Polychromic

Answer 36

various colors

Question 37

Leukocytosis

Answer 37

An increase in WBC

Question 38

Leukopenia

Answer 38

A decrease in WBC

Question 39

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 39

A decrease in the number of platelets

Question 40

Thrombocytosis

Answer 40

An increase in the number of platelets

Question 41

What is EDTA?

Answer 41

Ethyleneaminetetra-acetic acid, a anticoagulant

Question 42

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 42

Hardening of arteries

Question 43

Atherosclerosis

Answer 43

Accumulation of fatty deposits on the walls of coronary arteries

Question 44

Used to diagnose gout

Answer 44

Uris acid

Question 45

Where do we find an increase in iron?

Answer 45

Hemochromatosis

Question 46

What enzymes are released when there is a heart attack?

Answer 46

``` Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) ```

Question 47

What enzymes are released when there is a heart attack?

Answer 47

``` Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) ```

Question 48

Half life of a drug

Answer 48

The time it takes to eliminate 50% of a drug

Question 49

Therapeutic range

Answer 49

Range within a clinical response is achieved without toxic effects

Question 50

What is in a thyroid panel?

Answer 50

T3, T4, TSH, thyroglobulin

Question 51

Hepatitis can be caused by

Answer 51

``` Bacteria Drugs Toxins Alcohol Viruses ```

Question 52

Arterial blood gases tests:

Answer 52

Ventilation Oxygenation Acid base balance

Question 53

What is PCO2?

Answer 53

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The reflection of alveolar ventilation based on the pressure CO2 exerts in the blood.

Question 54

MCV=

Answer 54

(Hematocrit/RBC) x 10

Question 55

MCH=

Answer 55

(Hemoglobin/RBC) x 10

Question 56

MCHV=

Answer 56

(Hemoglobin/ hematocrit) x 100

Question 57

MCV=

Answer 57

(Hematocrit/RBC) x 10

Question 58

MCH=

Answer 58

(Hemoglobin/RBC) x 10

Question 59

MCHV=

Answer 59

(Hemoglobin/ hematocrit) x 100