Hematology and Oncology Flashcards
(35 cards)
MC location of medulloblastoma in a child is the cerebellar vermis, so what are the resultant symtpoms? what is the often teh presenting symptom?
BALANCE is affected dt
truncal and gait instability.
MC initial/presenting sx is increased ICP.
EPO level in polycythemia vera. why
low because JAK2 is mutated and alwyas activated, so EPO activation of JAK2 is not necessary
leukemoid v CML
leukemoid has incrased LAP
does enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin have higher risk of HIT?
unfractionated heparin
hereditary thrombophilia:
MC in whites, point mutation in ___ that makes it unable to respond to activated protein C, so slowed degradation of this factor and continue dthrombin formation and slowed degredation fo activated F8. PT and PTT nml.
factor 5 leiden
hereditary thrombophilia: 2MCC in whites, increased prothrombin levels.
prothrombin mutation (f2)
hereditary thrombophilia: inherited form rare. acquired form with DIC, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome.
antithrombin deficiency
hereditary thrombophilia: decr inactivation of factors 5a and 8a. warfarin induced skin necrosis.
factor C and S deficiency
congenital hypoplastic anemia (macrocytic; low retic) and TRIPHALANGEAL THUMBS.
diamond blackfan syndrome
macrocytosis, pancytopenia, ABSENT THUMBS, RTA
fanconi anemia
concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of RBC.
MCHC
gallstone hx + jaundice + SM + hemolytic anemia = dx?
hereditary spherocytosis
when do you give IvIg in ITP?
when platelets are <30,000
thalassemia treatment
deferoxamine dt iron overload
LMWH v warfarin -
use in ESRD v. Liver disease
LMWH in LIVER disease
Warfarin in ESRD
need warfarin bridge in a patient with kidney disease - use what?
use unfractionated heparin to bridge (not LMWH)
show as suprasellar calcificantions - low grade malignancy derived form remnants of rathke pouch. Sx: bitermporal hemianopsia (optic hciasm compression). Endocripat -GH deficit, DI (pit stalk compression). in young kids.
cranipharyngiomas
how are cranippharyngiomas diff than pit adenoma
Diff from pit adenoma in that pit adenom dont have calcifications and present woth ANTERIOR pit sx - amenorrhea and galatorrhea.
drugs that decr folic acid absorptin v. antagonism
phenytoin decr absorp
MTX or TMP are antagonisms
Diarrhea, abd pain, vomiting after cookout –1wk later–> abd pain, fatigue, scleral icterus, diff abd tenderness, +2 pitting edema =
hemolytic uremic syndrome
MCC of anemia and low retics in sickle cell disease - name of crisis and cause
aplastic crisis, MC secnodary to invfetion like parvo
electroyte changes in tumor lysis syndrome
hyperI uricemia and potassium.
hypoCa
hypER-uricema (nucelic acids released and metabolized into uric acid) and kalemia and phosphatemia (K and Phos are released from cells). hypOCa (dt hyperphos bidn and precipitating caclium = reduced intravascular levels).
granular casts on UA =
renal insufficiency
it K dependent clotting factors =what drug inhibits?
2, 7, 9, 10, c, s — warfarin inhibits all
