hematopoeisis

Question 1

what is the most common site of hematopoiesis at 4 months gestation?

Answer 1

liver

Question 2

How many RBCs are present in the average 70kg man?

Answer 2

25 trillion

Question 3

We start with a blast forming unit which then gives rise to?

Answer 3

colony forming unit

Question 4

colony forming units amplify to form

Answer 4

mature cells

Question 5

hematopoiesis (3 broad things)

Answer 5

RBCs
megakaryocytes (platelets)
WBCs
- granulocytes
- monocytes/macrophages
-lymphocytes

Question 6

multipotent hematopoietic stem cell can give rise to one of two things

Answer 6

myeloid stem cell

lymphoid stem cell

Question 7

can myeloid stem cell self renew?

Answer 7

no but can still differentiate

Question 8

myeloid stem cell can give rise to? (4)

Answer 8

megakaryoblast
proerythroblast
myeloblast
monoblast

Question 9

megakaryoblast gives rise to

Answer 9

megakaryocyte - platelet

Question 10

porerythroblast ->

Answer 10

reticulocyte - erythrocyte

Question 11

myeloblast –>

Answer 11

BEN

Question 12

monoblast –>

Answer 12

monocyte - macrophage

Question 13

lymphoid stem cell –>

Answer 13

lymphoblast –>

Question 14

lymphoblast –> (2)

Answer 14

NK cill

Small lymphcyte –> T an B - plasma

Question 15

growth factor for neutrophils?

Answer 15

G-CSF

Question 16

Growth factor for erythropoeisis

Answer 16

EPO

Question 17

Erythropoisis time in

BM

Answer 17

2-7 days

Question 18

erythropoesis time in periphery?

Answer 18

retic - 2-3 days

RBC 120

Question 19

erythropoesis mitotic divisions in BM

Answer 19

3-5

Question 20

Effects of EPO? (4)

Answer 20

Increase retic release
increase HgB levels
Increase mitosis/maturation
Increase stem cell activation

Question 21

Erythrocyte maturation scheme (6)

Answer 21

pronormoblast
basophilic normoblast
polychormatophilic normoblast
orthochromatic normoblast
reticulocyte
erythrocyte

Question 22

erythrocyte maturation characterized by:

Answer 22

gradual condensation of chromatin / pyknotic degeneration of nucleus / accumulation of hemoglobin as organelles are progressively lost

Question 23

Granulocyte maturation (6)

Answer 23

myeloblast –> promyelocyte –> myelocyte –> metamyelocyte –> band –> segmented granulocyte (seg)

Question 24

Granulopoiesis features (3)

Answer 24

nuclear maturation with condensation of chromatin / loss of nucleoli
segmentation
acquisition of cytoplasmic granules

Question 25

blasts have (3)

Answer 25

high N:C ratio fine chormatin nucleoli

Question 26

Neutrophil

Answer 26

nucleus segmented into 2-5 (usually 3) lobes that are connected by thin chromatin pinkish / purple hue given by secondary granules

Question 27

eosinophil

Answer 27

large red/orange granules | nucleus segmented into 2 round oval lobes

Question 28

basophil

Answer 28

lobular non-segmented nucleus | numerous blue/purple basophilic granules

Question 29

megakaryocyte maturation scheme --> (4)

Answer 29

megakaryblast - promegakaryocyte megakaryocyte platelet

Question 30

monocyte / macrophage ascention?

Answer 30

monoblast promonocyte monocyte

Question 31

which cell is the larges in teh peripheral blood?

Answer 31

monocyte with blusih cytoplasm red/purple granules odd nucleus shapes

Question 32

BM cellularity and age

Answer 32

decreases with age | cellularity = 100-age

Question 33

what pathologist look at on biopsy? (6)

Answer 33

``` cellularity M:E ratio (should be 3:1) maturation megakaryocytes iron - prussian blue lesions ```

Question 34

GF for erythropoeisis

Answer 34

EPO

Question 35

GF for megakaryopoiesis

Answer 35

Thrombopoietin (TPO)

Question 36

Granulopoiesis / monopoiesis GF

Answer 36

GM-CSF

Question 37

granulopoiesis GF

Answer 37

G-CSF

Question 38

Monopoiesis GF

Answer 38

M-CSF

Question 39

GF for eosinophils

Answer 39

IL5

Question 40

GF for basophils

Answer 40

IL3

Question 41

5 STAGE cell model hematopoiesis

Answer 41

``` multipotent hematopoitic stem cell pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell progenitor cell precursor cell amplification ```

Question 42

life span erythrocyte

Answer 42

120 | 175 billion per day

Question 43

life span platelets

Answer 43

7-10 | 200 billion per day

Question 44

life span neutrophil

Answer 44

7 hours | 70 billion per day

Question 45

embryonal hematopoiesis

Answer 45

yolk sac

Question 46

fetal hematopoiesis

Answer 46

liver/spleen

Question 47

birth hematopoiesis

Answer 47

marrow

Question 48

adult hemtopoiesis

Answer 48

axial skeletal marrow

Question 49

myeloid =

Answer 49

non-erythroid / non-lymphoid i.e. granulocytes / monocytes / megakaryocytes / platelets

Question 50

lymphoid =

Answer 50

T B NK Cells