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3J - HEMATOLOGY LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Hematopoiesis start to occur or begin during embryo stage in the ?

A

yolk sac

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2
Q

○ Foundation of adult hematopoietic system
○ Multipotent, specific stem cells that give rise only to any type of BLOOD CELLS

A

Hematopoietic stem cells (mother cell)

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3
Q

Characteristics of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS

A

Self- renewal
Directed differentiation

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4
Q

The nucleus and cytoplasm develop together at the
SAME RATE; Physiological—normal hematopoiesis

A

Synchronous hematopoiesis

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5
Q

Either of the nucleus or cytoplasm develops/matures later than the other; pathologic

A

Asynchronous hematopoiesis

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6
Q

decreased iron =

A

Decreased hemoglobin synthesis = decreased RBC production

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7
Q

Hemoglobin is more abundant in the -

A

Periphery of the RBC

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8
Q

Hemoglobin metabolism/synthesis is
associated with ?

A

erythropoiesis

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9
Q

protein that carry oxygen to tissues

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

Hemoglobin is composed of

A

Heme and globin

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11
Q

basophilic due to increased ribosome concentration for protein synthesis

A

Immature RBC

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12
Q

Patient has insufficient iron—an essential component in hemoglobin synthesis

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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13
Q

Decreased iron = delayed cytoplasm maturation

A

Microcytic, Hypochromic RBC

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14
Q

Deficiency in ? Or ? may inhibit DNA synthesis within the nucleus

A

Vit B12 or B9

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15
Q

important in DNA synthesis that occurs in the nucleus during SYNTHESIS phase of the INTERPHASE period

A

Vit B12 and B9

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16
Q

Decreased vit B12 and B9 =

A

delay in nuclear maturation but normal cytoplasmic maturation

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17
Q

essential in heme, hemoglobin, and RBC synthesis

A

Iron

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18
Q

Illness associated w deficiency in VIT 12 OR vit B9

A

Megaloblastic anemia

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19
Q

hematopoiesis that occurs in adults

A

Medullary hematopoiesis

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20
Q

primary site of hematopoiesis in adultsuntil adulthood

A

Bone marrow

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21
Q

hematopoiesis outside the bone marrow

A

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

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22
Q

Organs associated w extramedullary hematopoiesis

A

Kidney
Liver
Spleen

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23
Q

T or F

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is NOT NORMAL in adults

A

True

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24
Q

Hematopoiesis that happens within blood vessels

A

Intravascular hematopoiesis

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25
Hematopoiesis that happens outside blood vessels
Extravascular hematopoiesis
26
TYPES OF HEMATOPOIESIS ACCORDING TO: SYNCHRONICITY
Synchronous hematopoiesis Asynchronous hematopoiesis
27
TYPES OF HEMATOPOIESIS ACCORDING TO: LOCATION
Medullary/Myeloid hematopoiesis Extramedullary hematopoiesis Intravascular hematopoiesis Extravascular hematopoiesis
28
Present in the first few hours after ovum is fertilized
Totipotent stem cells
29
Most versatile; can give rise to any type of cell including NERVE cell, MUSCLE cells, SKIN cells, and LIVER cells
Totipotent stem cells
30
- Present after several days of fertilization - Have limited capacity to produce cell
Pluripotent stem cells
31
Pluripotent stem cells is derived from
Totipotent stem cell
32
Specific and has limited capacity to produce cell; derived from pluripotent stem cell
Multi potent stem cells
33
Multipotent stem cell that is limited to produce only blood cells
Hematopoietic stem cell
34
TYPES OF HUMAN STEM CELLS
Totipotent Pluripotent Multipotent
35
HEMATOPOIETIC DEVELOPMENTAL PERIOD Starts in the YOLK SAC, TRANSITIONARY TYPE of hematopoiesis
Mesoblastic period
36
Mesoblastic period: CD marker of hematopoetic stem cells
CD34 positive cell
37
Mesoblastic period: HCSs are transferred to ?
CD34 positive cells
38
Mesoblastic period: HCs transitions into the ?
Liver
39
Mesoblastic period happens ? Days after fertilization up to ? Week of gestation
19 days after fertilization up to 8th-12th week of gestation
40
- Initial/transient site of hematopoiesis - Where erythroid progenitor cells are seen
Blood islands of the yolk sac
41
- first cell where it gives rise to cells - Not pluripotent - No capacity for renewal
Erythroid progenitor cells
42
Mesoblastic period produces ?
Primitive erythroblast
43
Hepatic period: Transported to the ?; temporary
liver
44
Medullary/Myeloid period: occurs in the ?
Bone marrow
45
provides nourishment to the developing embryo
Yolk sac (mesoblastic period)
46
where hematopoiesis takes place and site of ERYTHROID DEVELOPMENT, and the site of production of PRIMITIVE EYRTHROBLAST
Blood islands
47
type of hematopoiesis during mesoblastic period is ?
Intravascular
48
Mesoblastic period: characteristic of hematopoiesis
- extraembryonic - transitory - product is primitive erythroblast
49
Mesoblastic period From blood island, hematopoiesis will progress in the ?
Aorta-gonad mesonephros
50
B cell is produced in
Spleen Kidney
51
Lymphoid cell prod ccours whenand where
4th mo Spleen
52
Myelopoises When? Produce what?
5th month Monocytes Lymphocytes Megakaryocytes
53
Multipotent stem cell differentiates into
common lymphoid progenitor cells or a common myeloid progenitor cell
54
Both the myeloid and lymphoid lineages are engaged in
Dendritic cell formation
55
CFU-GEMM) can differentiate into
Granulocytes Monocytes Erythrocytes Lymohocytes Thrombocytes
56
cytokine that can trigger the growth and total number of CFU-GEMM.
Stem cell factor (SCF
57
States that “pluripotent stem cells now differentiate into precursor cells that are least partially dedicated to form one type of mature blood cell.”
Monophyletic theory of hematopoiesis
58
form directly from the common lymphoid progenitor.
Lymphoid dendritic cells
59
get activated in secondary lymphoid organs, it further differentiate into plasma cells.
B cells
60
responsible for regulating the differentiation of multipotential hematopoietic stem cells into specific cell types by the activation of transcription factors.
Cytokines
61
It is required for the development of all hematopoietic lineages; in its absence animals die during embryogenesis.
Transcription factor GATA-2:
62
is required for the self-renewal of HSCs, and in its absence animals die within 2 months of birth because of the failure to repopulate their red and white blood
Transcriptional regulator Bmi-1:
63
enhances the myeloid lineage, finally leading to the differentiation of granulocytes and macrophages
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF
64
Erythropoiesis is enhanced by
decreased levels of oxygen in the blood,
65
hormone central to the formation of red blood cells.
Erythropoietin
66
Erythropoiesis takes on average ? to be completed to form mature red blood cell from unipotential hematopoietic cell.
2 days
67
has uncondensed nucleus and has basophilic or blue cytoplasm.
proerythroblast
68
nucleus becomes more condensed than the latter two stages and the cytoplasm is reduced.
polychromatophilic erythroblast stage
69
nucleus is much smaller than that of the prior stages having a pinker cytoplasm
orthochromatophilic erythroblast
70
red blood cell lacks nucleus, but still stains somewhat blue because of the remnants of polyribosomes within the cell.
reticulocyte
71
no nucleus and no polyribosome remnants and as a result stains pink.
mature red blood cell
72
white blood cells having multi-lobular nuclei and cytoplasmic granules.
Granulocytes
73
forms a myeloblast
unipotential hematopoietic cell
74
GRANULOPOIESIS has a cytoplasm that stains blue with a large nucleus.
Myeloblast
75
contains azurophilic granule
promyelocyte
76
non-indented still rather large nucleus.
myelocyte
77
alike in size to a mature granulocyte and the nucleus starts to become indented.
metamyelocyte
78
nucleus resembles a horseshoe and has definitive indentation.
band cell
79
lobed mature granulocytes nucleus and cytoplasmic granules.
mature granulocytes
80
entire process of granulopoiesis occurs over a period of
2 weeks
81
committed progenitor cell, found only in the bone marrow; has a basophilic cytoplasm without granules.
monoblast
82
smaller in size with nuclei that become slightly indented, before becoming monocytes.
Promonocytes
83
kidney-shaped nuclei and can develop into dendritic cells or macrophages.
Monocytes
84
Lymphopoiesis first committed progenitor cells
Lymphoblasts
85
Lymphoblasts after maturation, differentiate into
B, T or natural killer cells.
86
extremely large cells within the bone marrow forms the platelet
Megakaryocytes
87
hepatic period is it contains hemoglobins; no longer gowers
Third phase in hepatic period
88
few cells infiltrateto blood cells (precursor cells), as evident by pink cytoplasm so erythroblasts start to migrate in liver
FIRST PHASE IN HEPATIC PERIOD
89
Primitive rbcs have hemoglobin called
Embryonic hemoglobin

3J - HEMATOLOGY LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) (1 decks)

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