Heme Final Exam

Question 1

MCV, mean cell volume (Rbc indices) formula

Answer 1

Hct x 10
/rbc. = fl
Average volume of the rbc

Question 2

MCH, mean cell hemoglobin (rbc indices) formula

Answer 2

Hb x 10
/rbc = pg

Average of hemoglobin in rbc

Question 3

MCHC, mean cell hemoglobin concentration (rbc indices) formula?

Answer 3

Hb x 100
/hematocrit = g/dL

Average concentration of hemoglobin in the rbc volume

Question 4

RDW - what does it tell you?

Answer 4

Variation of the rbc volume

Question 5

Rule of three

Answer 5

To see if hematocrit and hemoglobin numbers agree

Question 6

Define Quality Control

Answer 6

Control and monitoring of the testing process to ensure that the results are valid and reproducible. (Made specimen to test machine to check if machine in functioning correctly)

Question 7

Functions of the spleen

Answer 7

acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. The spleen also helps fight certain kinds of bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis.

Question 8

Poikilocytosis, define

Answer 8

Presence in the peripheral bloom of red blood cell with varying or bizarre shapes

Question 9

Leukopoiesis, define

Answer 9

Process by which white blood cells form and develop in the bone marrow and lymph nodes

Question 10

Anisocytosis, define

Answer 10

Abnormal rbc morphology characterized by considerable variation in rbc volume or rbc diameter on a blood film.

Question 11

Acanthocytes, define

Answer 11

RBCs with spiny projections of varying lengths distributed irregularly over its surface

Question 12

Hematopoiesis, define

Answer 12

Formation and development of blood cells. In the bone marrow and peripheral lymphatic tissues

Question 13

Where red marrow is located

Answer 13

Mainly in flat bones (pelvis, ribs, sternum)

Question 14

Bell-shaped curve of a Gaussian distribution

Answer 14

99% of the values will fall between the mean

Question 15

Functions of the spleen

Answer 15

Filter for blood, platelets and WBCs are stored there, synthesis

Question 16

Erythropoietin produced, stimulated by

Answer 16

Kidneys, formation of the rbc by the bone marrow

Question 17

Formula for hemocytometer

Answer 17

#cells x dilution x .1
/ # of square

Question 18

WBC normal range

Answer 18

4500-10,000

Question 19

What does it tell you RDW

Answer 19

Variation of rbc volume

Question 20

Blast

Answer 20

Blue, no granules off to side

Question 21

Promyelocyte

Answer 21

Nucleus (round) redish purple chromatin

Question 22

Myelocyte

Answer 22

Bluish pink (fine specific granules)

Question 23

Metamyelocyte

Answer 23

kidney bean shaped nucleus

Question 24

Band

Answer 24

Nucleus elongated narrow uniform thickness.(cell undergoing granulopoiesis)

Question 25

Seg

Answer 25

Pinkish appearance nucleus purplish red

Question 26

Pronormoblast

Answer 26

Reddish purple 1/2 nucleoli may be present, looks like a enlarged lymph

Question 27

Basophilic normoblast

Answer 27

Round center Golgi body may appear light blue

Question 28

Orthochromatic normoblast

Answer 28

Pinkish-orange increased Hgb production

Question 29

Polychromatic normoblast

Answer 29

Blue-pink to gray blue increase hgb

Question 30

Retic

Answer 30

Pink with tinge of blue remnants of golgi and mitochondria

Question 31

Erythrocyte

Answer 31

Nuclear feature (none) mature rbc

Question 32

Iron transport protein

Answer 32

Transferrin

Question 33

Iron, where is most of it found in the body

Answer 33

Hemoglobin

Question 34

Changes to cell as it matures | Nucleus

Answer 34

Disappear

Question 35

Changes to a cell as it matures | Cytoplasm color

Answer 35

More pink

Question 36

What is the composition of adult Hgb

Answer 36

4 heme and 4 globin

Question 37

Composition of Hgb molecule in general (heme/globin)

Answer 37

4 molecules per chain

Question 38

Hemoglobin function

Answer 38

Transportation of oxygen

Question 39

Where is Hgb produced

Answer 39

In the RBCs

Question 40

Hgb peptide chains in Hgb a1

Answer 40

2 alpha

Question 41

Normal newborn Hgb make up

Answer 41

2 alpha/ 2 gamma

Question 42

Transport of free Hgb

Answer 42

Haptoglobin

Question 43

What would cause interference in the spectrophotometric measurement

Answer 43

Leukemia, turbidy - lipids

Question 44

Retic formula

Answer 44

Retic avg x 100

Question 45

Which leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow only

Answer 45

Mono, granulos(megokaryocytes) platelet precursor

Question 46

Precursor to a plasma cell

Answer 46

B cells

Question 47

Appearance of b/t lymphs in peripheral blood and where they are produced

Answer 47

Both made in the bone marrow, produced in the thymus

Question 48

Function of a lymph and what cause a change in their appearance

Answer 48

Antigen stimulation

Question 49

Function of a granulocyte

Answer 49

(Enzymes) body defensive mechanism

Question 50

Function of lymph node

Answer 50

Production of lymphocytes

Question 51

Liver involvement in cell production

Answer 51

Produced proteins in blood clotting, breaks down old or damaged blood cells

Question 52

Hallmark for B12 deficiency

Answer 52

Macrocytes

Question 53

Hallmark cells for liver diease

Answer 53

Target cells

Question 54

Hallmark cells for lead poisoning

Answer 54

Basophillic stephling

Question 55

Hallmark cells for IDA

Answer 55

Microcytes

Question 56

Hallmark cells for sideroblastic anemia

Answer 56

Ringed sideroblast

Question 57

Hallmark cell for no splenic function

Answer 57

Holly jolly body

Question 58

Hallmark cell for myelophthisic

Answer 58

Tear drop cells

Question 59

Fibrinogen effect on ESR

Answer 59

Fibrinogen increase

Question 60

Heinz bodies - how are they determined and what do they mean

Answer 60

Cell with small dark nucleus near the cell membrane. Means damaged Hgb

Question 61

Protein synthesis and energy source structures in a cell

Answer 61

Ribosomes/mitochondria

Question 62

Pathophysiologic classification x 2, anemia

Answer 62

Decrease of RBCs

Question 63

General causes of anemia x 3

Answer 63

Loss of blood, diet, absorbsion

Question 64

Specific cause and hematologist picture of megaloblastic anemia

Answer 64

Deficiency of folic acid or b-12

Question 65

Specimen causes and hematologic picture of, IDA

Answer 65

Blood loss, diet, absorption

Question 66

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, pernicious anemia

Answer 66

Decreased b-12, test

Question 67

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, TTP/HUS

Answer 67

Deficiency of normal blood enzyme

Question 68

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Answer 68

Destruction of RBCs

Question 69

Specific cause and hematologic pic of, hemolytic disease of the newborn

Answer 69

Reticulocytosis and anemia. IgG molecules pass through the mother to the placenta

Question 70

Cell maturation changes

Answer 70

- Nucleoli disappear - Chromatin condenses - Nuclear mass indents & segments - cytoplasm becomes granular and more pink

Question 71

CFU-S stem cell precursor, also called

Answer 71

Monoblast, Myloblast

Question 72

Multi potential means

Answer 72

Potential of becoming any several mature cell types

Question 73

Mitochondria produces

Answer 73

ATP, energy stored food