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Hematology 1 > Heme Final Exam > Flashcards

Heme Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

MCV, mean cell volume (Rbc indices) formula

A

Hct x 10
/rbc. = fl
Average volume of the rbc

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2
Q

MCH, mean cell hemoglobin (rbc indices) formula

A

Hb x 10
/rbc = pg

Average of hemoglobin in rbc

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3
Q

MCHC, mean cell hemoglobin concentration (rbc indices) formula?

A

Hb x 100
/hematocrit = g/dL

Average concentration of hemoglobin in the rbc volume

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4
Q

RDW - what does it tell you?

A

Variation of the rbc volume

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5
Q

Rule of three

A

To see if hematocrit and hemoglobin numbers agree

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6
Q

Define Quality Control

A

Control and monitoring of the testing process to ensure that the results are valid and reproducible. (Made specimen to test machine to check if machine in functioning correctly)

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7
Q

Functions of the spleen

A

acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. The spleen also helps fight certain kinds of bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis.

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8
Q

Poikilocytosis, define

A

Presence in the peripheral bloom of red blood cell with varying or bizarre shapes

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9
Q

Leukopoiesis, define

A

Process by which white blood cells form and develop in the bone marrow and lymph nodes

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10
Q

Anisocytosis, define

A

Abnormal rbc morphology characterized by considerable variation in rbc volume or rbc diameter on a blood film.

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11
Q

Acanthocytes, define

A

RBCs with spiny projections of varying lengths distributed irregularly over its surface

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12
Q

Hematopoiesis, define

A

Formation and development of blood cells. In the bone marrow and peripheral lymphatic tissues

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13
Q

Where red marrow is located

A

Mainly in flat bones (pelvis, ribs, sternum)

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14
Q

Bell-shaped curve of a Gaussian distribution

A

99% of the values will fall between the mean

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15
Q

Functions of the spleen

A

Filter for blood, platelets and WBCs are stored there, synthesis

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16
Q

Erythropoietin produced, stimulated by

A

Kidneys, formation of the rbc by the bone marrow

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17
Q

Formula for hemocytometer

A 
#cells x dilution x .1
/ # of square
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18
Q

WBC normal range

A

4500-10,000

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19
Q

What does it tell you RDW

A

Variation of rbc volume

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20
Q

Blast

A

Blue, no granules off to side

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21
Q

Promyelocyte

A

Nucleus (round) redish purple chromatin

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22
Q

Myelocyte

A

Bluish pink (fine specific granules)

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23
Q

Metamyelocyte

A

kidney bean shaped nucleus

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24
Q

Band

A

Nucleus elongated narrow uniform thickness.(cell undergoing granulopoiesis)

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25
Q

Seg

A

Pinkish appearance nucleus purplish red

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26
Q

Pronormoblast

A

Reddish purple 1/2 nucleoli may be present, looks like a enlarged lymph

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27
Q

Basophilic normoblast

A

Round center Golgi body may appear light blue

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28
Q

Orthochromatic normoblast

A

Pinkish-orange increased Hgb production

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29
Q

Polychromatic normoblast

A

Blue-pink to gray blue increase hgb

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30
Q

Retic

A

Pink with tinge of blue remnants of golgi and mitochondria

31
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Nuclear feature (none) mature rbc

32
Q

Iron transport protein

A

Transferrin

33
Q

Iron, where is most of it found in the body

A

Hemoglobin

34
Q

Changes to cell as it matures

Nucleus

A

Disappear

35
Q

Changes to a cell as it matures

Cytoplasm color

A

More pink

36
Q

What is the composition of adult Hgb

A

4 heme and 4 globin

37
Q

Composition of Hgb molecule in general (heme/globin)

A

4 molecules per chain

38
Q

Hemoglobin function

A

Transportation of oxygen

39
Q

Where is Hgb produced

A

In the RBCs

40
Q

Hgb peptide chains in Hgb a1

A

2 alpha

41
Q

Normal newborn Hgb make up

A

2 alpha/ 2 gamma

42
Q

Transport of free Hgb

A

Haptoglobin

43
Q

What would cause interference in the spectrophotometric measurement

A

Leukemia, turbidy - lipids

44
Q

Retic formula

A

Retic avg x 100

45
Q

Which leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow only

A

Mono, granulos(megokaryocytes) platelet precursor

46
Q

Precursor to a plasma cell

A

B cells

47
Q

Appearance of b/t lymphs in peripheral blood and where they are produced

A

Both made in the bone marrow, produced in the thymus

48
Q

Function of a lymph and what cause a change in their appearance

A

Antigen stimulation

49
Q

Function of a granulocyte

A

(Enzymes) body defensive mechanism

50
Q

Function of lymph node

A

Production of lymphocytes

51
Q

Liver involvement in cell production

A

Produced proteins in blood clotting, breaks down old or damaged blood cells

52
Q

Hallmark for B12 deficiency

A

Macrocytes

53
Q

Hallmark cells for liver diease

A

Target cells

54
Q

Hallmark cells for lead poisoning

A

Basophillic stephling

55
Q

Hallmark cells for IDA

A

Microcytes

56
Q

Hallmark cells for sideroblastic anemia

A

Ringed sideroblast

57
Q

Hallmark cell for no splenic function

A

Holly jolly body

58
Q

Hallmark cell for myelophthisic

A

Tear drop cells

59
Q

Fibrinogen effect on ESR

A

Fibrinogen increase

60
Q

Heinz bodies - how are they determined and what do they mean

A

Cell with small dark nucleus near the cell membrane. Means damaged Hgb

61
Q

Protein synthesis and energy source structures in a cell

A

Ribosomes/mitochondria

62
Q

Pathophysiologic classification x 2, anemia

A

Decrease of RBCs

63
Q

General causes of anemia x 3

A

Loss of blood, diet, absorbsion

64
Q

Specific cause and hematologist picture of megaloblastic anemia

A

Deficiency of folic acid or b-12

65
Q

Specimen causes and hematologic picture of, IDA

A

Blood loss, diet, absorption

66
Q

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, pernicious anemia

A

Decreased b-12, test

67
Q

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, TTP/HUS

A

Deficiency of normal blood enzyme

68
Q

Specific causes and hematologic pic of, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

A

Destruction of RBCs

69
Q

Specific cause and hematologic pic of, hemolytic disease of the newborn

A

Reticulocytosis and anemia.

IgG molecules pass through the mother to the placenta

70
Q

Cell maturation changes

A
  • Nucleoli disappear
  • Chromatin condenses
  • Nuclear mass indents & segments
  • cytoplasm becomes granular and more pink
71
Q

CFU-S stem cell precursor, also called

A

Monoblast, Myloblast

72
Q

Multi potential means

A

Potential of becoming any several mature cell types

73
Q

Mitochondria produces

A

ATP, energy stored food

Hematology 1 (4 decks)

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