Hemisections of the Brain + Transverse Sections Flashcards Preview

Anatomy of Nervous System > Hemisections of the Brain + Transverse Sections > Flashcards

Flashcards in Hemisections of the Brain + Transverse Sections Deck (27)
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1
Q

What are the four parts to the corpus callous?

A
  1. Rostrum
  2. Genu
  3. Body
  4. Splenium
2
Q

What is the septum pellucidum?

A

It is a thin sheet which lies in the mid sagittal plane and separates the anterior horns of the two lateral ventricles.

3
Q

What does the septum pellucidum continue as superiorly, inferiorly and posteriorly?

A

Continues superiorly as the corpus callosum and inferiorly as the fornix.

Extends posteriorly as far as the inter ventricular foramen

4
Q

What is the fornix?

A

It is a bundle of fibres which links the hippocampus with the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus

5
Q

What is the bulbous projection into the lateral ventricle?

A

Caudate nucleus

6
Q

What are the three structures in the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland

7
Q

What is the thalamus?

A

It is a sensory relay area made up of smaller masses of grey matter nuclei, each with different functions.

8
Q

What lies immediately inferior to the Thalamus?

A
  1. The Hypothalamic Sulcus

2. the Hypothalamus

9
Q

Where does most of the General Sensory information from the body relay in?

A

The Ventro-Postero-Lateral Nucleus of the Thalamus

10
Q

List six functions of the hypothalamus

A
  1. Controls release of hormones from pituitary glands
  2. Controls body temp
  3. Control of hunger and thirst
  4. Control of sexual behaviour and reproduction
  5. Control of circadian rhythm
  6. Mediation of emotional response
11
Q

What is the name of the fold of dura which surrounds the pituitary gland?

A

Sellar diaphragm

12
Q

Where is the pineal gland in relation to the thalamus?

A

Pineal gland is immediately posterior to the thalamus

13
Q

Where are the colliculi (of midbrain) in relation to the pineal gland?

A

Inferior

14
Q

What is the lentiform nucleus?

A

Globus pallidus and putamen

15
Q

Which structures form the basal ganglia?

A

Caudate nucleus, globus pallidus and putamen

16
Q

What does the internal capsule consist of?

A

Myelinated axons (white matter)

17
Q

What is the name given to these fibres that connect the cerebral hemisphere with other parts of the brain?

A

Projection

18
Q

What are the different parts of the internal capsule?

A

Anterior limb, genu and posterior limb

19
Q

Which cerebral artery, through one of its branches, supplies the internal capsule?

A

Middle cerebral artery

20
Q

What are the different structures found in a cross section of the midbrain?

A

Substantia nigra
Red nucleus (posterior to substantia nigra)
Cerebral peduncles

21
Q

What type of fibres does the cerebral peduncles contain?

A

Both Motor and Sensory Fibers in large tracts

22
Q

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

A
  1. Motor Control (Primarily)
  2. Motor Learning
  3. Executive Functions (Mental Skills which help you get things done)
  4. Behaviors/Emotions
23
Q

What is the Substantia Nigra a part of:

a) Structurally?
b) Functionally?

A

a) The Midbrain

b) The Basal Ganglia

24
Q

What is the function of the Red Nucleus?

A

It is involved in Motor Coordination, but not as much as the Cerebellum (Rubrospinal Tract)

25
Q

In the pons, where would motor fibres (of the pyramidal tract) and sensory fibres form the medial lemniscus occupy?

A

Posteriolateral

26
Q

In the medulla, what structures are found and what type of fibres do they form?

A

Pyramid and olives formed by motor fibres

27
Q

Name a structure found on the surface of the pons

A

Middle cerebral peduncle