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hemo exam 7 > hemo exam 7 > Flashcards

hemo exam 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

acquired vascular 1* hemostasis defects

A

vasculitis, collagen deficiency, extensive vascular injury

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2
Q

vasculitis is

A

no vasoconstriction, usually symptom of something

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3
Q

what happens with collagen deficiency

A

no collagen to trigger 1*

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4
Q

what happens with vascular injury

A

burn or road rash, vessels damaged, impede vasoconstriction

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5
Q

inherited 1* hemostasis defects

A

von Willebrands disease

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6
Q

what happens with von Willebrand’s disease?

A

its not being produced by the endothelium and factor VIII

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7
Q

most common inherited bleeding disorder of dogs

A

von Willebrand’s disease

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8
Q

1* hemostasis platelet plug hemostasis defects are caused by either

A

number(thrombocytopenia) or function

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9
Q

1 bleeding disorder of dogs

A

thrombocytopenia

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10
Q

causes of thrombocytopenia

A

increase destruction, increased consumption, decreased production

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11
Q

reasons for increased destruction of platelets

A

ITP

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12
Q

reasons for increase consumption of platelets

A

DIC

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13
Q

reasons for decreased production of platelets

A

bone marrow reasons

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14
Q

platelets plug function issues include

A

thrombopathia, thrombocytopathy

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15
Q

what happens during platelet plug function defects

A

there’s no adhesion, aggregation, secretion

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16
Q

what causes function defects in the platelet plug

A

drugs, DIC, uremia (platelets cannot stick)

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17
Q

hereditary causes of function defects in the platelet plug

A

vWB dz, basset hound thrombopathy, epistaxis in simmental, Chediak-Hagashi, thromblasthenic thrombopathia

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18
Q

how does vWB dz effect function of platelet plug

A

platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

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19
Q

clinical signs of 1* hemostasis defects

A

petechia, ecchymosis, bleeding from the MM, bleeding out after venipuncture

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20
Q

acquired secondary hemostasis defects causes

A

Vit-K deficiency,Liver disease/failure, DIC,

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21
Q

example of what can cause vit-k deficiency

A

warfrin poisoning

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22
Q

DIC can be caused by

A

2* heat stroke, viremia, endotoxemia, massive necrosis, trauma, septicemia, IV hemolysis, consumption of hemolysis factors and hemorrahage

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23
Q

hereditary causes of 2* hemostasis defects

A

hemophilias, vWB dz

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24
Q

with vWB disease lack

A

von Willebrand factor and factor 8

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25
clinical signs of 2* hemostasis defects
hematoma, bleeding into muscle, joints, and body cavity, delayed bleeding after venapuncture*
26
causes of acquired fibrinolysis defects
liver failure, DIC
27
how does liver failure cause fibrinolysis defects
can't clear FDPS
28
DIC mechanism
2*, excessive activation, consumption, excessive FDPs, organ failure, signs or both 1* and 2*
29
thromboembolic disorder
clot forms then travels and lodges somewhere else
30
causes of thromboembolic disorder
roughened endothelium, protein C deficiency, Nephrotic syndrome
31
causes of roughened endothelium
cardiomyopathy, HWD dogs, IVC in AIHA
32
how does protein c deficiency cause thrombolytic disorder
down regulated firbrinolysis( activated PC hydrolyzes plasminogen activator inhibitor)
33
how does nephrotic syndrome cause thrombolytic disorder
loss of antithrombin III
34
In house tests for bleeding disorders (4)
platelet estimate, platelet count, BMBT, ACT
35
platelet estimate evaluates
1* hemostasis, platelet number
36
platelet count evaluates
1* hemostasis, platelet number
37
BMBT stands for
buccal mucosal bleeding time
38
BMBT method
dab filter paper every 10 seconds until bleeding stops
39
Normal BMBT in cats and dogs
1-3
40
BMBT evaluates
1* hemostasis interaction of platelets and the vascular system
41
best test for platelet dysfunction
BMBT
42
ACT stands for
activated clotting time
43
ACT method
fill DET tube, mix set timer, check every 5-10 minutes for clots, stop timer when clot forms
44
normal ACT time dogs
60-90 sec
45
normal ACT time cats
<65 seconds
46
ACT evaluates
2* hemostasis, intrinsic and common pathways
47
best in house screening test for all 2* defects
ACT
48
PTT stands for
partial thromboplastin time
49
PTT evaluates
2* hemostasis intrinsic and common pathway
50
PT stands for
prothrombin time
51
PT evaluates
2* hemostasis extrinsic and common pathway
52
best test for Warfrin toxicity
PT
53
How does PTT test for warfrin toxicity
isolation of vit K dependent factor 7
54
VWF test evaluates
1* and 2* hemostasis VWF and VIII
55
TT stands for
thrombrin time
56
TT detects
decrease in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition by FDP's
57
FDP test evaluates
decreases in fibrinogen thrombin inhibition by FDP
58
D-Dimers is a type of
FDP
59
D-Dimer test for
very specificFDP that shows up after fibrinolysis
60
order of tubes
RT, LT, BT
61
steps to venpuncture for coag studies
blood draw before TX, atraumatic, multiple vacutainer
62
why atraumatic venipuncture
to avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin
63
why make blood films immediately to evaluate 1* hemostasis
because platelets aggregate and dissolve in old samples
64
platelet count must be done within
4 hours
65
tubes for evaluating 1* hemostasis
LTT, BTT
66
BTT full for what test
VWD factor assay
67
tubes for 2* hemostasis test
DET, BTT, RTT
68
DET for evaluation of
intrinsic and common
69
BTT for evaluation of
intrinsic, extrinsic, common
70
RTT for evaluation of
liver function
71
BTT test has to be run within
6 hours
72
symptoms of marrow failure (4)
non-regenerative anemia, unexplained leukopenia, unexplained thrombocytopenia, abnormal/ immature cells in peripheral blood
73
indications for bone marrow sampling
marrow failure, tumor
74
types of bone marrow samplings
bone marrow aspirate bone marrow core biopsy
75
bone marrow aspirates provides
cytology sample
76
bone marrow core biopsy provides
cytology and histology sample
77
syringe used for bone marrow sampling
12cc
78
anticoag used for bone marrow sampling
EDTA
79
preservative for histology
10% neutral buffered fromalin
80
needles for bone marrow cytology
rosenthal, illinois sternal iliac
81
needle used for bone marrow core biopsy
jamshidi
82
sites for collect bone marrow sample
proximal humerus, proximal femur, crest and wing of ilium, sternum and dorsal ends of ribs

hemo exam 7 (1 decks)

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