Hemodynamic Disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
Bleeding from the nose
Epistaxis
Coughing of blood:
Haemoptysis
Vomiting of blood:
Haematemesis
Blood in the urine;
Haematuriq
Presence of dark blood (partialy digested blood) in stool:
Melena (tarry stool)
Passage of red blood per rectum:
Hematochezia
Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding:
Menorrhagia
Def of hemorrhage:
Extravasation of blood from vessels into the extravascular space
External hemorrhage:
Escape of blood outside the body
Internal hemorrage:
Escape of blood inside the body cavities.
Accumulation of blood in pleural cavity:
Hemothorax
Accumulation of blood in pericardial cavity:
Hemopericardium
Accumulation of blood in peritoneal cavity:
Hemoperitoneum
Hemorrhafe into joint cavity
Hemarthrosis
E.g –> hemophilia
Petechiae:
(Small spot) minut (1to2mm) hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes, or serosal surfaces.
Purpura
Slightly larger than petechiae (3 to5mm) hemorrhages
Ecchymosis : large (1 to 2cm) blotchy hemorrhage in the skin e.g bruises.
Hematoma:
Local collection of blood in tissue
E.g retroperitoneal hematoma due to rapture of aorta.
Def of thrombosis
Is the formation of clot mass of blood within the non-interrupted cardiovascular system
Virchow’s triad:
Endothelial injury
Alternation of BF (stasis or turbulence)
Blood hypercoagulability
Fate of thrombus:
1.Dissolution : removed by fibrinolytic activity
2.Propagation and enlargemant causing obstruction of vessels
3.Embolization
4.organization and recanalization
Def of embolism:
It is a detached intravascular solid, liquid or gaseous mass that is carried by the blood to a site distant from its point of origin.
Def of infarction:
It is localized area of ischemic necrosis in an organ or tissue resulting most often from sudden reduction of its arterial supply or occasionally its venous drainage.
Factots influencing the development of an infarct:
1.oxygen content blood.
2. Nature of blood supply.
3.rate of development of occlusion.
3.vulnerability of tissue to ischemia
