hemodynamic monitoring parameters

Question 1

cardiac output

Answer 1

normal 4-8 L/min

CO=SV x HR

Question 2

cardiac index

Answer 2

normal 2.2-4.0 L/min/m2

CI=CO divided by BSA (body surface area)

Question 3

systemic vascular resistance (SVR)

Answer 3

AFTERLOAD
normal 800-1200 dynes/sec/sm-5
-measures the resistance of blood flow out of the left ventricle into the aorta.
-info about afterload of the left side of heart.

Question 4

central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP)

Answer 4

PRELOAD
normal 2-8 mmHg
-determines venous return and cardiac output.
-info about changes in right ventricular function & vascular volume (preload).

Question 5

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)

Answer 5

PRELOAD
normal 6-12 mmHg
-balloon inflated 1.5 mL for no more than 15 seconds.

Question 6

mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2)

Answer 6

• normal 60%-80%
• amount of oxygen left over after tissues remove what they need.
• measures O2 demand on heart.

Question 7

sildenafil

tadalafil

Answer 7

• phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitors
• for moderate pulmonary HTN
• promotes smooth muscle relaxation vasculature
• don’t give to pts taking NTG

Question 8

iloprost

treprostinil

Answer 8

• vasodilators (inhaled)
• sever pulmonary HTN
• admin. 6-9 times QD
• can cause orthostatic hypotension. dont give if systolic BP

Question 9

treprostinil

Answer 9

• parenteral vasodilator
• severe pulmonary HTN
• promotes pulmonary vasodilation

Question 10

MAP-mean arterial pressure

Answer 10

SBP + 2 DBP divided by 3 = MAP

• want >60
• normal 70-105 mmHg