Hemoglobin and other things Flashcards
(26 cards)
As water leaves a hydrophobic molecule, what is released?
energy
What is Coulombs law?
E = kq1q2/Dr
Does the gibbs equation indicate the rate of a reaction?
no. It only indicates wheter a reaction will proceed.
What does the pKa value indicate?
The affinity of a group for hydrogen ions.
What is the gibbs free energy equation?
G = G’ +RTln(Keq)
Which R groups have a high affinity for protons (e.g. high pKa)?
carboxyl, aspartic and glutamic acid, histidine
What are the aromatic amino acids?
phenylalanine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan
What is the mneumonic for the essential amino acids?
PVT TIM HALL
What is required for the production of red blood cells?
DNA and folic acid; B6 and B12 are also important
What is the structure of myoglobin?
a heterotetramer.
What are the subunits of an hemoglobin molecule?
2 alpha, 2 beta
What are the subunits of fetal hemoglobin?
2 alpha, 2 gamma
What is heme? and how many of them are on a hemoglobin molecule.
4; It is a ring structure found on the surface of hemoglobin. It binds reversibly to oxygen.
What does E7 do?
creates a channel that oxygen can flow into. It is also where heme intercalates. The E7 binds directly to the Fe 2+
What is the oxidative state of iron on the hemoglobin enzyme?
+2
How is myoglobin controlled?
Cooperatively
How many helices make up a globin chain?
8
What is the structure of myoglobin?
A monomer
Does myoglobin or hemoglobin have a higher binding affinity for oxygen?
myoglobin (important for muscle contraction).
Where do H+, CO2 and 2,3-BPG bind to on an enzyme?
A site other than the active site.
How does pH affect the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin?
lower pH = decreased affinity.
How does carbon dioxide affect hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen?
Higher pressure of CO2 = decreased affinity.
How does 2,3-BPG affect hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen?
It decreases it.
Why does fetal blood have a higher affinity for fetal blood?
Its gamma subunits do not bind to 2,3-BPG.
