Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BOD III > Hemolymphatics > Flashcards

Hemolymphatics Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Name common degenerative diseases of bone marrow

A
  1. myelofibrosis
  2. serous atrophy of fat “gelatinous transformation of fat”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the mechanism for development of myelofibrosis

A
  1. Scar formation after necrosis
  2. High concentration of growth factors with marrow injury or activation
  3. Idiopathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Causes of myelofibrosis

A
  1. leukemia
  2. infiltrative metastatic neoplasia
  3. BVDV, E. canis, FeLV
  4. sepsis
  5. drugs/toxins
  6. irradiation
  7. chronic hemolytic anemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cause of Serous Atrophy of Fat “gelatinous transformation”

A

emaciation/starvation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

causes of regenerative anemia

A

hemorrhage
hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

causes of nonregenerative anemia

A

bone marrow insult:
Infectious
Toxins
Medications
Estrogens
Chronic kidney disease (decreased erythropoietin)
Fe deficiency
Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Know the expected bone marrow response for regenerative vs non-regenerative disease

A

regenerative - erythroid hyperplasia

nonregenerative - erythroid hypoplasia/ aplasia in BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

regenerative anemia abnormalities with hemorrhage

A

Fe deficiency anemia
↓ plasma or serum protein concentrations
↑ BUN relative to creatinine (GI bleed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

regenerative anemia abnormalities with hemolysis

A

icterus
hyperbilirubinemia
hemoglobinuria
splenomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

aplastic anemia in dogs & cats

A

Antimicrobial agents & chemotherapeutic agents
estrogen (dogs only)
phenylbutazone
aflatoxin B
Ehrlichia
parvovirus/panleukopenia
FeLV/FIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

aplastic anemia in horses

A

phenylbutazone
aflatoxin B
EIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

aplastic anemia in cattle & sheep

A

bracken fern
trichloroethylene
aflatoxin B (cattle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List 2 infectious diseases that can cause immune-mediated thrombocytopenia

A
  1. Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA)
  2. Ehrlichiosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List 4 causes of non-neoplastic lymphocytosis in dogs and cats

A

Epinephrine (cats)
age/antigenic stimulation (cats)
Chronic inflammation
Ehrlicia canis infection
Thymoma – paraneoplastic lymphocytosis
Hypoadrenocorticism
Hyperthyroidism (cats)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

acute leukemia expression & clinical signs

A

CD34

pancytopenia, pale mm, BM highly cellular, splenomegaly, LN involvement, infiltrates organs

poorly differentiated, worse prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

most common chronic leukemia in dogs

A

CD8 lymphocytosis (T cell)
CD21 lymphocytosis (B cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

most common chronic leukemia in cats

A

CD4 lymphocytosis (T cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

clinical signs of chronic leukemia

A

incidental lymphocytosis
anemia
cytopenias not present
splenomegaly
lymphadenopathy
highly cellular BM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

List negative prognostic indicators in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

A

boxers sig shorter survival
high lymphocyte count > 60,000 sig shorter survival
higher Ki-67 worse survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

benefits of flow cytometry

A

Distinguished homogeneous from heterogeneous expansions
Identifies aberrant antigen expression
prognostic info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

List 3 clinical abnormalities that can be seen with multiple myeloma

A
  1. hyperglobulinemia
  2. hypercalcemia (due to osteolysis)
  3. pancytopenia
  • monoclonal gammopathy, osteolysis, light chain proteinuria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

purpose of serum electrophoresis for multiple myeloma

A

identify monoclonal gammopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

List infectious diseases that can have thymic lesions

A

parvovirus
canine distemper virus
FIV
EHV-1
BVDV
PCV-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

describe thymic involution

A

follows sexual maturity
lymphoid and epithelial components are replaced by adipose and c.t.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
describe thymic hypoplasia
neonates with immunodeficiency
26
which virus causes thymic inflammation & has the description "thymus atrophy to granulomatous inflam with multinucleated cells with cytoplasmic viral inclusions"
PCV-2 "postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome”
27
cell of origin of thymoma
epithelial cells
28
Characterized flow cytometric, histologic and paraneoplastic disorders associated with thymomas
flow cytometry: coexpression of CD4+CD8+ T cells & heterogeneous T cell expansion in the peripheral blood histology: neoplastic epithelial cells with non-neoplastic T cells paraneoplasms: 1. myasthenia gravis + megaesophagus 2. lymphocytosis 3. exfoliative dermatitis
29
List 3 viral diseases in dogs and cats that can affect the thymus
Parvovirus Canine distemper virus FIV
30
List 3 viral disease in other species that can affect the thymus
EHV-1 in equine BVDV in cattle Porcine-circovirus-2
31
What disease can cause thymic inflammation and what is one other unique characteristic of this disease in relation to macrophages?
Porcine Circovirus-2 (PCV-2) – will cause granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated cells with cytoplasmic viral inclusions
32
What disease in cattle can cause thymic atrophy?
BVDV
33
List 3 paraneoplastic syndromes you can see with a thymoma
Myasthenia gravis & megaesophagus Lymphocytosis Exfoliative dermatitis
34
Provide 3 differentials for a cranial mediastinal mass
Neuroendocrine tumor Thymic Lymphoma Hemangiosarcoma
35
Provide 2 commonalities of thymic lymphoma across multiple species
1. typically young animals (except dogs have wide range + hypercalcemia) 2. not usually associated with viruses (except cats - FeLV/FIV)
36
what is one difference between cats with thymic lymphoma compared to other species?
associated with FeLV/FIV
37
List non-neoplastic causes of diffuse soft enlargement of the spleen
1. gastric volvulus with splenic entrapment 2. splenic volvulus/torsion 3. barbiturate euthaniasia, anesthesia or sedation 4. acute hyperemia (septicemia) or acute hemolytic anemia
38
What species are primarily affected by Anthrax and what causes the disease?
cattle, sheep Bacillus Anthracis
39
What is the sequence of events of Anthrax
1. spores ingested 2. replicate in intestinal tract 3. spread to LN 4. disseminate through blood (septicemia) 5. dark/red/black enlarged spleen, with unclotted blood
40
What can be seen on impression smears of the spleen or blood in Anthrax?
intravascular free bacilli
41
List 5 causes of diffuse firm enlargement of the spleen
1. chronic IMHA 2. diffuse granulomatous disease 3. extramedullary hematopoiesis 4. neoplasia 5. storage disease/amyloidosis
42
Recall 3 differentials for soft/bloody, nodules in the spleen
1. acute infarcation 2. hematoma 3. hemangiosarcoma 4. incomplete contraction
43
What is the tumor cell type of hemangiosarcoma?
endothelial cells
44
List 3 breeds that are commonly affected by hemangiosarcoma
Golden retrievers german shepherds Labs
45
primary sites of hemangiosarcoma
1. spleen (most common) 2. right auricle of heart 3. liver
46
cause of death of hemangiosarcoma
hypovolemia
47
List differentials for firm nodules in the spleen
1. lymphoid nodular hyperplasia 2. primary/metastatic neoplasia 3. granulomas or abscessation 4. extramedullary hematopoiesis
48
Select at least 2 bacteria, fungal and protozoal diseases that can cause granulomatous or pyogranulomatous disease in the spleen
tularemia, mycobacteriosis blastomycosis, histoplasmosis toxoplasmosis, neosporosis
49
cell origin of histiocytic sarcoma
splenic macrophage
50
common tissues affected by histiocytic sarcoma
skin, LN, lung, meninges, BM, synovium
51
common breeds affected by histiocytic sarcoma
Bernese mountain dog golden retrievers rottweilers flat-coated retrievers
52
What is the cell of origin of hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma?
macrophages in spleen and BM
53
incidental finding in spleen with Rough brown to yellow plaques along the serosal surface
siderotic placques
54
intestinal/enteric lymphangiectasia characteristics
chronic diarrhea, hypoproteinemia, hypocholesterolemia, lymphopenia, hypocalcemia most common cause of PLE results in edema, ascite, hydrothorax
55
interstinal lipogranulomatous lymphangitis
chronic GI signs inflam foreign body rxn granulomatous inflam forming white masses on serosa of intestine/mesenteric fat
56
List 4 causes of chylothorax
idiopathic (most common) Trauma congestive heart failure (cats>dogs) chest tumors
57
List 5 viruses that can injure lymphoid tissue
Parvovirus Canine distemper virus FIV EHV-1 BVDV
58
how is plague spread?
yersinia pestis bubonic - rodent/flea septicemic - skin wound pneumonic - air droplets
59
Name 2 causes of bacterial lymphadenitis in horses
Streptococcus equi equi “strangles” Rhodococcus equi
60
3 causes of bacterial lymphadenitis in cattle or sheep
johne's bovine TB caseous lymphadenitis
61
Johne's Disease cause gross finding stain used
mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis chronic proliferative enteritis, enteritis and granulomatous lymphadenitis acid-fast
62
Bovine tuberculosis cause gross finding how humans are affected
mycobacterium bovis LN are necrotic, suppurative and abscessed consuming raw milk or milk products
63
Caseous Lymphadenitis cause gross findings transmission
corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis purulent-inspissated with concentric laminations, internal abscessation and chronic wasting horizontal - skin wounds then drains to LN and spreads to lymph/blood & flies
64
cause of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome
porcine circovirus-2
65
PCV-2 affect on thymus and lymph node
thymus -- atrophy and granulomatous inflam LN -- lymphoid depletion with granulomatous inflam with multinucleated giant cells and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

BOD III (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions