HemOnc

Question 1

Acute Leukemia (AL) action?

Answer 1

immature blast cells spill from bone marrow into circulation

Question 2

AL epidemiology?

Tx?

Answer 2

elderly

urgent, aggressive

Question 3

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) action?

Etiology?

Answer 3

immature lymph cells take over bone marrow, blood, other organs

unknown
higher in twins, tri 21, Klinefelter, Fanc anemia
a/w Epstein-Barr, varicells

Question 4

ALL epidemiology?

Answer 4

most common childhood leuk (onset 4-5yo)

2nd peak 50 yo

Question 5

ALL presentation?

Answer 5

fatigue, sweats, bruise/bleed
infections
weight loss

Kids: joint pain

Question 6

B-cell ALL presentation?

Answer 6

abdominal mass

Question 7

ALL diagnostics?

Answer 7

> =30% peripherial blast cells in marrow

immunophenotyping

Question 8

ALL prognosis worse when? (3)

Answer 8

high WBC @ diag
elderly
B-cell phenotype

Question 9

ALL tx?

Answer 9

induction w/ chemo

consolidation w/ chemo

Question 10

Acute Myelenogenous Leukemia (AML) action?

Answer 10

genetic alternation in hematopoiesis (malignant cloning)

Question 11

AML epidemiology?

Answer 11

(U) > 60 yo
white makes
most common leukemia in adults

Question 12

AML etiology?

Answer 12

a/w tri 21, Klinefelter, Fanc anemia
chemo, radiation
2º to myelodysplastic synd

Question 13

AML presents?

Answer 13

fatigue, fever, bruise/bleed, infection

pancytopenia (low WBC, RBC, platelets)

Question 14

AML diagnostics?

Answer 14

↑ blast cells in BM (>20%)

auer rods in blast cells

Question 15

AML tx? slide 22??

Prognosis?

Answer 15

combo chemo

younger = better
(U) dead in 5 yrs

Question 16

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) action?

Answer 16

starts w/ single lymphocyte mutation
(U) B-cell
CLL cells can’t fight infection

Question 17

CLL epidemiology?

Prognosis?

Answer 17

(U) > 50yo

low risk

Question 18

CLL etiology?

Answer 18

mutated suppressor genes
(P) familial
herb/pesticides

Question 19

CLL presents?

Answer 19

fatigue, infection

LAD cervical and axillary

Question 20

CLL diagnostics?

Answer 20

lymphocytosis

↑ β2 microglobulin

Question 21

CLL tx?

Answer 21

Nothing great

(P) stem cell transplant

Question 22

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) action?

Answer 22

affects stem cell - lack apoptosis mechanism

= excess myeloid, erythroid, megakaryoctic

Question 23

CML epidemiology?

Etiology?

Answer 23

(U) > 65yo

(P) radiation

Question 24

CML presents?

Answer 24

fatigue, fever/sweats, weight loss

hepatosplenomegaly

Question 25

CML diganostics?

Answer 25

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 26

CML tx?

Answer 26

stem cell transplant | Imatinib

Question 27

Multiple Myeloma (MM) action?

Answer 27

B-lymphocytes overprxn of Ig (U) IgG

Question 28

MM epidemiology? Etiology?

Answer 28

(U) >70yo black male benzene radiation other chemicals

Question 29

MM presents?

Answer 29

``` bone pain (back/ribs) bone lesions ```

Question 30

MM diagnostics?

Answer 30

Bence Jones proteinuria | ↑ β2 microglobulin

Question 31

MM tx?

Answer 31

no cure | (U) dead < 10yrs

Question 32

Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) action? Diagnostics?

Answer 32

B-cells Reed-Sternberg cells (owl eyes) (P) + Epstein-Barr virus

Question 33

HL epidemiology?

Answer 33

peaks in 20s and 60s | M > F

Question 34

HL etiology?

Answer 34

unknown | (P) a/w epstein-barr, smoking

Question 35

HL presents?

Answer 35

enlarged cervical nodes | drenching night sweats, weight loss

Question 36

HL tx?

Answer 36

radiation | (P) chemo

Question 37

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) action?

Answer 37

tumor arising from lymph, spreads anywhere, (U) B-Cells, follicular

Question 38

NHL etiology?

Answer 38

a/w EBV, H. pylori, HCV | (U) > 60yo, obese

Question 39

NHL presents?

Answer 39

LAD

Question 40

NHL diagnostics?

Answer 40

determine chromo abnormality and type

Question 41

NHL tx?

Answer 41

everything