hemorrhages, trauma, and malformations

Question 1

what does it mean to be a spontaneous 1* parenchymal hemorrhage

Answer 1

non-traumatic

Question 2

in spontneous 1* parenchymal hemorrhages what usually happens

Answer 2

microbleed

Question 3

avg age of spont. parenchymal hemorrhage

Answer 3

60 yrs old

Question 4

MC cause of parenchymal hemorrhage

Answer 4

HTN

Question 5

spontaneous parenchymal hemorrhages can be silent or large t or f

Answer 5

t

Question 6

what type of headache is “the worst headache i’ve ever had”

Answer 6

subarachnoid

Question 7

MC cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 7

ruptured saccular aneurysm: tunica media defect

Question 8

what do you call the connection between a large artery and large vein

Answer 8

fistula

Question 9

who is most likely to have arteriovenous malformation

Answer 9

males 10-30

Question 10

what are the risks for arteriorvenous malformation

Answer 10

hemorrages and seizures

Question 11

hypertension does what to the vessel

Answer 11

weakens the vessel walls

Question 12

what is a lacunar infarct

Answer 12

single artery occlusion: empty space made by occulsion

Question 13

what is it called when ruptured cerebral vessel reabsorbed and cavity remains

Answer 13

slit hemorrhage

Question 14

what is systematic autoimmune vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis in small cerebral arteries and heart

Answer 14

polyarteritis nodosa

Question 15

where does primary angitis in the CNS usually occur

Answer 15

parenchymal and subarachnoid vessels

Question 16

who is most likely to have vasculitis

Answer 16

males

Question 17

what is the MC symptom of primary angitis of the cns

Answer 17

diffuse encephalopathy

Question 18

CNS trauma damages

Answer 18

parenchyma and cerebral vessels

Question 19

what to assess when ppl have CNS trauma?

Answer 19

airway, breathing, circulation, and disability

Question 20

what is a contusion

Answer 20

rapid displacement vessel disruption

Question 21

coup vs. contrecoup

Answer 21

coup: impact site

Question 22

what is tearing of cerebral parenchyma, vascular disruption, and hemorrhage

Answer 22

laceration

Question 23

diffuse axonal injury

Answer 23

movement of 1 brain region relative to another region

Question 24

what happens in diffuse axonal injury

Answer 24

angular acceleration, generalized axonal swelling

Question 25

reversible altered consciousness from head injury in the absence of contusion

Answer 25

concussion

Question 26

what do CT scans show for concussions

Answer 26

nothing, looking for possible hemorrhage

Question 27

what do they do for ppl w/ concussion

Answer 27

evaluation of cognition and cannot play anymore

Question 28

difference between epidural hematoma and subdural hematoma vessels

Answer 28

epi: art sub: veins

Question 29

epidural hematoma MC involves which vessel

Answer 29

middle meningeal artery

Question 30

how long does it take for epidural hematoma to be an issue

Answer 30

can be lethal w/in hrs

Question 31

two types of traumatic parenchymal injury

Answer 31

contusion, laceration, and diffuse axonal injury

Question 32

what is the cause of 50% of post traumatic comas

Answer 32

generalized axonal swelling in diffuse axonal injury

Question 33

name the 4 types of neural tube defects

Answer 33

spinal bifida occulta: bony defect: asymptomatic myelomeningocele: cns moves through vertebral defect anencephal: absence of rostral aspect of brain encephalocele: CNS diverticulum through cranium

Question 34

main cause of neural tube defect

Answer 34

folate deficiency

Question 35

name the 3 ways of malformations

Answer 35

1. neural tube defect 2. spinal cord abnormatilies 3. perinatal brain injury

Question 36

what is a neural tube defect

Answer 36

neural tube fails to close

Question 37

two types of spinal cord abnormalities

Answer 37

hydromyelia: cavity that fills w/ CNS syringomyelia: cyst w/in cord

Question 38

form of perinatal brain injury that is non-progressive defects in motor neurons an ddecrease cognition

Answer 38

cerebral palsy