Henry Vii Government

Question 1

Councils function (3)

Answer 1

Advice the king
Administer the realm on kings behalf
Make legal judgements

Question 2

Who was John Morton (4)

Answer 2

Worked under Edward IV
Worked against Richard
Promoted to Archbishop of Canterbury in 1486
Cardinal 1493

Question 3

Sir Reginald bray (3)

Answer 3

Led the council learned in law
More powerful than most nobles
Henry ‘chief executive’

Question 4

Council during Henry reign (3)

Answer 4

No rules or procedures
Permanent body with core membership
Members met separately

Question 5

What was the great council (5)

Answer 5

Gathering of House of Lords meeting without House of Commons
No clear function
Occasional rather than permanent body
Met 5 times during Henry reign
Concerned with issues of war or rebellion

Question 6

What was the council learned (2)

Answer 6

Main offshoot of the council
Function = maintain kings revenue and exploit his prerogative rights (power w/o parliament consent)

Question 7

What did the council learned make work

Answer 7

The system of bonds and recognisances

Question 8

Why was council learned important

Answer 8

Maintained of kings authority as it was for raising finances

Question 9

Council learned - Richard empson (2)

Answer 9

Lawyer and bureaucrat
Identified with the increasing ruthlessness of Henry’s regime

Question 10

Who was Edmund Dudley (2)

Answer 10

Role was to exploit financial opportunities
Made influential enemies

Question 11

Edmund Dudley and Richard empson (3)

Answer 11

Raised the extraction of money from the kings subjects to an art
Their downfall was rejoiced
Feared and unpopular financial control

Question 12

What was the centre of gov

Answer 12

Royal court

Question 13

What was personal monarchy (4)

Answer 13

Medieval monarchy = personal
The political power and influence of someone depended on their relationship with the monarch
Access to the king was main determinant of power
Through royal court the king was accessed

Question 14

What was the chamber (2)

Answer 14

Private areas of court
Collection of royal revenues

Question 15

The lord chamberlain (4)

Answer 15

Member of kings council
Friend of king
Admin and political power
Responsible for organising court ceremonies

Question 16

Privy chamber (3)

Answer 16

Comprising of personal servants of king
Direct access to the king
Had more influence

Question 17

What was the household responsible for

Answer 17

Looking after the king, courtiers and guests

Question 18

How did the chamber work

Answer 18

Chamberlain oversaw the chamber

Question 19

What was and why a considerable blow to king (2)

Answer 19

Lord chamberlain William Stanley = plot to help Warbeck in 1495
Chamberlain = great power and considerable level of trust

Question 20

Henry’s response to traitor in chamber (2)

Answer 20

Remodel the chamber by creating the pricy chamber
More difficult to get access to the king

Question 21

How many parliaments called by Henry

Answer 21

Seven
Five met in first 10 years of his reign + 2 in remaining 14 years

Question 22

What was Henry’s parliament concerned with (2)

Answer 22

Pass laws
Grant taxation

Question 23

Fifteenths and tenths

Answer 23

Standard form of taxation

Question 24

Extraordinary revenue

Answer 24

Money raised by king for additional sources as one off payments in an emergency

Question 25

What were bonds and recognisances (2)

Answer 25

Bonds = legal doc which bound and individual to another to perform a forfeit
Recognisances = formal acknowledgment of debt or other obligation

Question 26

What did Henry rely of JPs for (3)

Answer 26

Maintain law and order in countryside
Met 4 times a year to administer justice through the quarter sessions
Local unpaid gentry

Question 27

How did he restore law and order (4)

Answer 27

Forcing subjects to take out bonds and recognisances
Some = genuine debts owed to crown
Many = purely political
Bonds used to enforce order and obedience

Question 28

Sources of royal income(6)

Answer 28

Crown lands
Profits from feudal dues and exercise of royal prerogative
Customs revenue
Pensions from powers
Profits of justice
Extraordinary revenue

Question 29

Income increase end of Henry’s reign (2)

Answer 29

12,000 per year
42000 per year

Question 30

Why’s as Henry’s income low at start (2)

Answer 30

Income from lands = collected by inefficient court of Exchequer
1492 = Henry reverted to edwards sytem if admin = chamber

Question 31

Customs revenue (2)

Answer 31

Tonnage and poundage granted for life after Henry’s first parliament
34000 to 38000

Question 32

Pensions from powers (2)

Answer 32

Treaty of Etaples 1492
5000 per annum

Question 33

Profits of justice = fines and incomes from bonds

Answer 33

1504 and 1507 = 200,000 promised to king but not all collected

Question 34

Extraordinary revenue - how much

Answer 34

Raised £400,000

Question 35

What did Henry leave money wise (2)

Answer 35

Plate and jewels = 300,000
10,000 in cash

Question 36

How much money did Henry borrow in loans - paid back

Answer 36

203,000

Question 37

How many knights of the garter created

Answer 37

37

Question 38

Crown lands increased

Answer 38

5 times

Question 39

Example of acts of attainder (2)

Answer 39

Henry passed 138
Only refused 46

Question 40

What was act of attainder

Answer 40

Families losing the right to inherit land

Question 41

Exmaple of bonds and recognisances

Answer 41

Thomas grey recognisances of up to 10,000 if his loyalty was not upheld

Question 42

Feudal dues example (3)

Answer 42

Katherine dowager
Fined around 7000 in 1496
Married without kings license