Henry VIII Flashcards
(32 cards)
What was the Act in Restraints of Appeals and when was it passed?
- The Act prevented any appeals to any body outside of England (The Pope) on a list of issues listed in the Act, mainly religious issues for example divorce.
- 1533
What was the Act in Restraint of Annates?
When was this passed?
-This stopped direct payments to Rome through a series of statutes issued between 1534 and 1536.
What was the name of the Act which moved powers of the pope to that of England?
Who were the powers given to?
-The name of the Act was the Dispensation Act and it gave the Archbishop of Canterbury (Thomas Cranmer) the power of dispensation and exemption.
What was the name of the Act which ended the pope’s role in appointing churchmen?
-Act of Submission of the Clergy
What was the Act of Supremacy and when was it passed?
-Passed in 1534 it granted Henry the title of head of the English Church, Cranmer was granted the position of vicegerent (deputy) of church affairs.
What are some examples of doctrinal changes from 1536-39?
When were these passed?
- Act of the dissolution of the Smaller Monasteries 1536
- Act of Ten Articles (rejected 4/7 catholic beliefs, upheld only 3 baptism, Eucharist and penance)
- Royal Injunctions of 1537, attacked catholic pilgrimages
What was the Bishop’s Book? When was it introduced?
Alongside it what was also published?
- Bishops Book; reduced the importance of Priests, mass and purgatory.
- Matthew’s Bible was also published which was a protestant version of the Bible.
What was the difference between the Royal Injunctions in 1536 and in 1538?
- In 1536 the Royal Injunctions attacked the Catholic practise of pilgrimage.
- In 1538 the Royal Injunctions ordered an English Bible to be present in all English Parishes within 2 years.
When was the Great Bible published?
-The Great Bible was published in 1539.
When was the dissolution of the greater monasteries?
-Began in 1539.
What evidence was there that traditional practises were being upheld?
What Act was introduced?
- John Lambert was executed for rejecting transubstantiation, which was a catholic belief. Executed in 1538.
- the 1539 Act of Six Articles confirmed transubstantiation.
What is the evidence for a swing to more traditional catholic views in the period 1539 and 1543?
- Cromwell, a committed protestant was executed in 1540.
- Henry’s marriage to the catholic Catherine Howard.
- Very much presented with the Act of Six Articles, attacked some reformed beliefs and confirmed traditional practises.
- Act of Advancement of True Religion (1543)
- Publication of the King’s Book (1543)
1) What was the Act for the Advancement of True Religion? When was it published?
2) What came with the publication of the King’s Book? When was it published?
- 1) Restricted access to the Bible to the upper class. Passed in 1543
- 2)The King’s Book defended transubstantiation.
How could it be argued that the Act for the Advancement for True Religion did not fully uphold Catholic beliefs?
What can be said about the King’s Book?
- It still allowed an English Bible.
- The King’s Book encouraged the reformed belief in preaching and attacking images.
What was the English Litany and over what period was it introduced?
How was it not a complete move away from catholicism?
- Introduced between 1544-47.
- Replaced the use of the Latin Litany.
- However was not a complete move away from catholic beliefs as Priests were not forced to use it.
What was an example of an attack on purgatory?
When was this Act passed?
-The Chantries Act was passed in 1544 and was an attack on purgatory as this was where catholic masses were held for the souls of the dead.
Who was burnt in 1546 for not accepting transubstantiation?
-Anne Askew
What was the name of Edward VI’s tutor?
Was he catholic or protestant?
-His name was John Cheke and he was protestant.
What could it be argued that religious fluctuations represented under Henry VIII?
What was the reality?
- Been argued that fluctuations were down to Henry wanted to maintain religious balance in his council and prevent one faction from dominating.
- In reality reformists groups dominated the Regency Council mainly due to the use of the dry stamp which ultimately allowed the Protestant Reformation which occurred following Henry’s death under Edward VI.
What percent of London was protestant by 1547?
20% were believed to be protestant.
-The further North you went from London the fewer Protestants that would be found.
What are the arguments that the attacks on traditional values had an impact?
- Number coming forward for ordination reduced significantly
- Less church building or money being left behind to local parishes than had been the case in 1529.
- Translation of the bible into English meant that things would never be the same due to its availability.
- Confidence in the church had declined and would be hard to restore.
1) What was the criteria for monastery dissolution in the Act for dissolution of the smaller monasteries 1536?
2) What Act dissolved the rest of the monasteries? when was it?
3) (Challenge question)- What was the last monastery to be dissolved?
1) -Monasteries earning under £200 a year were dissolved.
2) -1539 the Act for the Dissolution of the larger monasteries was passed and closed all remaining monasteries.
3) The last monastery to be closed wsa Waltham Abbey, which was closed in March 1540.
What census looked into the Church’s wealth? When?
What alongside this did Cromwell do to do with the church?
- Valor Ecclesiasticus was a census carried out in 1535.
- At the same time Cromwell sent out inspectors to look at standard and behaviour in the monasteries.
What was concluded from the Valor Ecclesiasticus and inspections of the church?
What was the difference between large and small monasteries?
- It was concluded that spiritually the churches were in bad condition.
- However it was found the condition of the smaller monasteries were in worst condition as they had ‘decayed’, larger monasteries were praised.
