Henry VIII and Wolsey

Question 1

When did Henry VII die?

Answer 1

1509

Question 2

What early action did Henry take that won him popularity?

Answer 2

executed Dudley and Empson who were responsible for economic unrest
Married Catherine of Aragon improving relations with Spain

Question 3

Why was war an interest of Henry?

Answer 3

It was seen as chivalrous and a “Kingly” activity as well as a need to take the French crown

Question 4

When and where were Henry’s early war campaigns?

Answer 4

France in 1512 and 1513

Question 5

Outline the features of the 1513 invasion of France

Answer 5

Henry took the internationally known city of Tournai and defeated France in the Battle of the Spurs

Question 6

What were two successes of Henrys early war campaigns?

Answer 6

Glory and foreign recognition
Henry’s sister Mary married Louis XII

Question 7

How did Wolsey rise to power?

Answer 7

Supported Henry’s war policy by organising supplies for the 1513 campaign

Question 8

When did Wolsey officially rise to power?

Answer 8

1515 after becoming Lord Chancellor and a Cardinal

Question 9

What were the main features of Henry’s foreign policy?

Answer 9

Military glory
Claim the French throne
Secure dynasty

Question 10

When was the treaty of London?

Answer 10

1518

Question 11

What were the features of the treaty of London?

Answer 11

International peace treaty of major powers with England at the centre. It was short lived when Charles I became HRE in 1519

Question 12

When was the Field of Cloth of Gold?

Answer 12

1520

Question 13

What happened at the Field of Cloth of Gold?

Answer 13

Peace talks with Francis near Calais however nothing was achieved and Henry wasted a years income

Question 14

When did Henry send an army to France in order to aid Charles I?

Answer 14

1523

Question 15

What happened during Henry’s invasion of France in 1523?

Answer 15

Charles abandoned Henry as he became more interested with Italy. England returned having wasted £400,000

Question 16

What did Henry intend to do following Charles’s capture of Francis in 1525?

Answer 16

Assert his claim to the French throne as an ally to Charles

Question 17

Why was Henry unable to gain the French throne following Charles’s capture of Francis?

Answer 17

Wolsey was unable to raise funds meaning they couldn’t raise a force to join Charles

Question 18

What did failure to gain Charles’ support drive Henry to do?

Answer 18

Ally with France through the treaty of More in 1525

Question 19

How was Henry let down by France in 1528?

Answer 19

Henry declared war against Spain however France made peace with them and England was invited to peace talks last minuet

Question 20

Why did Charles make Henrys marriage difficult?

Answer 20

Catherine was Charles aunt and he had lots of power meaning defying him was risky

Question 21

How did Wolsey make legal reforms?

Answer 21

Court of star chamber and the Court of Chancery

Question 22

What was the Court of Star Chamber?

Answer 22

Used to attack powerful people such as nobles

Question 23

What was the Court of Chancery?

Answer 23

Used to deal with cases concerning the poor

Question 24

What tax allowed for Wolsey to gain more money?

Answer 24

The subsidy which was based on accurate assessment of wealth

Question 25

How much was Wolsey able to raise for Henrys 1523 invasion compared to what he expected?

Answer 25

Hoped to raise £800,000 but only managed to raise £300,000

Question 26

How did Wolsey attempt to raise money which caused unrest?

Answer 26

Through the Amicable Grant 1525

Question 27

Why did the Amicable Grant fail?

Answer 27

Unrest in East Anglia caused Henry to remove the grant and forced Wolsey to apologise

Question 28

How can Wolsey be viewed as a champion of the poor?

Answer 28

Fought against enclosures

Question 29

How many land owners did Wolsey take legal action against during his time in power?

Answer 29

264

Question 30

How did Wolsey increase his influence on Henry after the failure of the Amicable Grant?

Answer 30

passed the Eltham Ordinances in 1526 which gave him more control over the kings chamber

Question 31

What was the highest position in the English Church (held by Wolsey)

Answer 31

Legatus a Latere

Question 32

How did Wolsey go against his religious powers?

Answer 32

fathered children despite taking a vow of celibacy

Question 33

How did the church gain support between 1520 and 1529?

Answer 33

57% of people from Devon and Cornwall left money in their wills for religious purposes

Question 34

What were some concerns about the church?

Answer 34

People were concerned that the clergy were being greedy

Question 35

How were clergy attacked in 1511?

Answer 35

Dean of St' Pauls attacked greedy clergy while preaching

Question 36

How was Wolsey undermining his religious power?

Answer 36

He didn't visit York until 1520

Question 37

What were the three main reasons for Henry wanting a divorce?

Answer 37

Belief it was against god's will Male heir to the throne Henry was in love with Anne Boleyn

Question 38

What was Wolsey's fatal mistake surrounding the divorce?

Answer 38

He promised the divorce would be easy (by convincing the pope that the papal dispensation of Arthur and Catherine was invalid)

Question 39

How did Charles I make the divorce difficult?

Answer 39

Charles took Rome in 1527 and held the pope as a virtual prisoner

Question 40

Why would Charles stop Henry from divorcing Catherine?

Answer 40

Catherine was Charles' Aunt and so he had influence in England which he was unwilling to give up

Question 41

Why couldn't the pope agree that the marriage was invalid?

Answer 41

Popes can not be wrong in the eyes of god

Question 42

How did the pope retaliate to Wolsey holding the divorce case in England?

Answer 42

The pope would send Cardinal Campeggio who was unwilling to allow the divorce

Question 43

How did the Boleyn faction harm Wolsey?

Answer 43

They convinced Henry that Wolsey was against him and was being deliberately slow with the divorce

Question 44

When did Henry finally decide that Wolsey had failed him?

Answer 44

1529

Question 45

What was the charge given to Wolsey following his failure to get the divorce?

Answer 45

Praemunire (loyalty to a foreign power)

Question 46

What does Wolsey's charge of praemunire suggest?

Answer 46

The Boleyn faction was the greatest influence over Henry as Henry was convinced Wolsey was deliberately going against him

Question 47

When did Wolsey die?

Answer 47

1530 (on his way to being executed)