Henry VIII GCSE Flashcards
(62 cards)
Henry VIII becomes king
1509
Wolsey becomes Cardinal
1515
Wolsey becomes Chancellor
1515
Wolsey becomes Papal Legate
1518
Wolsey is dismissed from his position as Chancellor
1529
Wolsey dies on the way to his trial for treason
1530
Amicable Grant
1525- a new direct tax which requires priests to pay 1/3 of their income and everybody else to pay 1/6 of their income
Why was the amicable grant introduced?
Henry wanted to invade France and reclaim land lost in the 15th century. The money from the amicable grant would help fund this
Why was the amicable grant controversial?
It had not been approved by parliament and was being collected by royal decree. People only had 10 weeks to pay
Short term consequences of the amicable grant
Many people refused to pay the tax. A rebellion broke out in Suffolk. The tax was abandoned. Henry postponed the invasion and made peace with the french king
Long term consequences of the amicable grant
Wolsey was humiliated and his reputation badly damaged. Wolsey was unable to raise any further taxes. Henry began to doubt Wolsey’s judgement. Henry looked weak
The Eltham Ordinances
1526- cutting spending on meals/servants, laying off sick/unneeded servants, reducing the amount paid to people for expenses, reducing the size of the privy chamber
Why weren’t the Eltham Ordinances very successful?
Wolsey lost interest once he had reduced the size of the privy council
Enclosures
Fences dividing land into fields that were often used to graze sheep, allowing landowners to make money through the wool trade. This reduced the land available to tenant farmers and the general poor
Wolsey set up an inquiry into enclosures
1517- resulted in court cases against landowners and made him very unpopular but did not limit the practise of enclosures
Wolsey and the justice system
Strengthened the star chamber, encouraged the poor to bring cases to court, supported the poor against the rich, oversaw cases himself, increased the poor’s work rate
Treaty of Bruges
1521- Wolsey negotiated an alliance with Charles V against France. It was agreed that Henry would not send an army to France until 1522
Treaty of More
1525- Henry gave up his claim to the French throne in return for annual payment from France
The Battle of Pavia
1525- Charles defeated and captured Francis
Campaigns in France and Scotland
1512-1513
The Battle of Flodden
1513- The Scots invaded the north of england but were defeated by the Earl of Surrey who gathered an army in Henry’s absence. The Scottish king and many nobles were killed
Treaty of London
1518- 20 countries agreed not to attack each other and if they did so, the other countries in the treaty would come together and counterattack
The Field of the Cloth of Gold
1520- a conference outside Calais between Henry and Francis, so called because the French wove gold into their tents, armour and clothes. They spent a fortnight feasting and jousting.
Treaty of Westminster
1527- Francis and Henry signed agreeing to fight Charles if he did not behave peacefully
