Henry VIII religious opposition/rebellions

Question 1

What were the financial motives for the dissolution of the monasteries?

Answer 1

The Church had a lot of wealth to be exploited. There were concerns surrounding a potential Catholic Crusade led by Francis and Charles. By dissolving the monasteries, Henry avoided having to impose more tax on the people (after the Amicable Grant, this was a good thing).

Question 2

What was the ‘Imperial’ idea?

Answer 2

It was another motive for the dissolution of the monasteries. Henry did not like that the monasteries owed higher allegiance to Rome, so he imposed the Act in Restraint of Appeals and the Act of Supremacy to avoid this. His xenophobia appeared to be growing.

Question 3

How did Henry use the first Dissolution Act in 1536 to his advantage?

Answer 3

At this time, the common (non clergyman) people were becoming increasingly greedy for land. Nobles such as Norfolk were quite eager to cash in on sales of monastic land, so Henry could use this to pacify some opposition.

Question 4

When was the Lincolnshire rising?

Answer 4

1-11th October 1536

Question 5

When was the Pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 5

8th October-8th December 1536. The point here is that it immediately followed the Lincolnshire rising

Question 6

When were Sir Francis Bigod’s revolt and the Cumberland rising?

Answer 6

16th January-10th February 1537

Question 7

What started the Lincolnshire rising?

Answer 7

3 Government commissioners were dissolving the smaller monasteries in the County and inspecting the quality of the the clergy/enforcing new religious laws. People were getting stressed because they thought that they were trying to take gold, silver and extra taxes

Question 8

Where did the Lincolnshire rising begin?

Answer 8

Louth

Question 9

Who was the leader of the Lincolnshire rising?

Answer 9

Nicholas Melton/ ‘captain cobbler’

Question 10

Who was murdered in a frenzy during the Lincolnshire rising?

Answer 10

The Bishop of Lincoln’s chancellor

Question 11

How many people assembled in Lincoln during the Lincolnshire rising and what did they do?

Answer 11

10,000. They drew up a list of articles/complaints

Question 12

Which Duke raised an army to face the Lincolnshire rebels?

Answer 12

Duke of Suffolk

Question 13

How did the Lincolnshire rising end?

Answer 13

The Gentry ran for cover and sought forgiveness. It collapsed into chaos without a leader. A Herald arrived and sent home those remaining

Question 14

Who was the leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 14

Robert Aske- a Yorkshire lawyer who had heard about the Lincolnshire rising

Question 15

How many men did Aske have by 10th October?

Answer 15

30,000

Question 16

Where were the headquarters during the Pilgrimage of Grace and who handed this place over?

Answer 16

Pontefract Castle- Lord Darcy

Question 17

What did Henry do in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 17

He could not muster 30,000 men, so he sent a delegation led by Norfolk to meet the rebels, who then presented their 5 articles.

Question 18

When was a truce signed during the Pilgrimage of Grace, and what were the conditions?

Answer 18

27th October- 2 men were to meet with the King. Henry agreed to pardon men all but 10 ringleaders

Question 19

What was the final conclusion in December to the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 19

Aske and Norfolk met- the rebels laid out their final 24 articles. Norfolk granted a general pardon and promised to discuss the articles with Parliament. Aske insisted that no more monasteries would be closed down until Parliament met. Aske then toured the country trying to convince the Gentry that he had made a good deal

Question 20

Who was unconvinced by Aske’s deal?

Answer 20

Sir Francis Bigod

Question 21

What did Sir Francis Bigod try to do after rejecting the truce terms?

Answer 21

He made a plan to capture Hull and Scarborough

Question 22

Where did Sir Francis Bigod flee to when his plans failed, and what happened to him?

Answer 22

Cumbria- he was arrested

Question 23

What did Henry use Bigod’s rebellion to do?

Answer 23

He used it to break his conditions on the truce. He rounded up some members of the nobility and executed them

Question 24

What was the final death toll of the executions after Bigod’s rebellion and which noble family was destroyed?

Answer 24

178, the Percy family

Question 25

Which Council was reorganised in 1537 to gain Henry greater control?

Answer 25

The Council of the North

Question 26

What happened in the years 1535 and 1536 that made people even more keen to rebel?

Answer 26

Food shortages and agrarian issues such as poor harvests.