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GCSE History - Henry VIII > Henry & Wolsey 1509 - 1529 > Flashcards

Henry & Wolsey 1509 - 1529 Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Give 3 features of life in Tudor England.

A
  • Catholic country
  • there was a hierarchy
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2
Q

Give 3 characteristics of Henry as a young king.

A

athletic, stubborn, delegated power

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3
Q

What did Henry like to spend money on?

A

wars & court life

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4
Q

Why did Henry have little interest in, as a young king?

A

government & politics

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5
Q

What religion was England in 1509?

A

Catholic

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6
Q

When was Henry crowned king?

A

1509

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7
Q

When did Henry marry Catherine of Aragon?

A

1509

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8
Q

Who was Catherine of Aragon?

A

Henry VIII’s 1st wife & Charles V’s aunt

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9
Q

Who was Charles V?

A

King of Spain & Holy Roman Empire

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10
Q

What religious concept did Henry believe in? What was this?

A

Divine Right of Kings - blvd chosen by God -> be king

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11
Q

Who was Head of the Catholic Church in England?

A

Pope

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12
Q

What was Wolseys’ father’s job ? What was Wolsey born to?

A

butcher - humble bgnnngs

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13
Q

What was Wolsey’s nickname? What does it mean?

A

Alter Rex - Second King

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14
Q

What was Wolsey appointed as in 1507?

A

Royal Chaplain -> King Henry VII

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15
Q

What happened in 1512, that meant Wolsey gained Henry’s favour?

A

successfully advised Henry on his invasion of France

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16
Q

What was Wosley appointed as in 1914?

A

Archbishop of York

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17
Q

What 2 major things happened to Wolsey’s status? When?

A

1915 - appointed Cardinal & Chief Minister

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18
Q

What was Wolsey appointed as in 1518? What did this mean?

A

Papal Legate - Pope’s rprsnttv

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19
Q

How did Henry’s disinterest in government allow Wolsey to rise to power?

A

able -> control & complete tasks in running country & prove hmslf -> Henry

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20
Q

How did Wolsey’s being appointed as Royal Almoner help him rise to power?

A

1509 - had ability -> communicate with king & convinced Henry of gd qualities

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21
Q

How did Henry’s dislike of his father’s advisers allow Wolsey to rise to power?

A

Wolsey’s decisisivenss & humble bgnnings would promote him -> Henry

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22
Q

How did Wolsey’s supplying Henry’s war with France allow him to rise to power?

A

Wolsey proved himself & recieved financial rewards

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23
Q

How did Wolsey’s personality allow him to rise to power?

A

Wolsey was persuasive & had large influence over Henry & bcm Alter Rex

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24
Q

Define the Holy Roman Empire.

A

semi - independent countries controlled by Charles V

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25
What were Henry's foreign policy aims?
- better rltnshp w France & Spanish Empire - military glory in battle - internationally respected leaer & European peacemaker - England was not isolated in Europe
26
What was the Battle of the Spurs? When was it?
1514 - final bttle in French war = victory -> Henry
27
What foreign policy did the Battle of the Spurs achieve? Why?
military glory in bttle - Henry seen as = strong, military leader
28
What was the Treaty of London? When was it?
1518 - Wolsey got 20 european leaders -> agree to not attack each other
29
What foreign policy did the Treaty of London achieve? Why?
Henry = european peacemaker - no war in Europe for 3 yrs & intiated by England
30
What was the Field of Cloth of Gold? When was it?
1520 - meeting arranged by Wolsey bwtn Francis I & Henry @ Calais, an impressive display of English power & wealth
31
What foreign policy did the Field of Cloth of Gold achieve? Why?
better rltnshp w France & Henry internationally rspctd leader - Henry = @ centre of European diplomacy
32
What was the Treaty of Bruges? When was it?
1521 - Wolsey agreed -> side w Charles V
33
What foreign policy did the Treaty of Bruges achieve? Why?
better relationship w France & miltary glory - as secured 1 year delay of army -> France
34
What was the war with France? When was it?
1522-1525: war w France & alliance w Spain failed, cost England £430,000 & Henry's popularity = damaged
35
What foreign policy did the war with France achieve? Why?
none - England's world standing ↓
36
What was the Treaty of More? When was it?
1525 - England side w France = peace & Henry gave up claims -> france for annual ££
37
What foreign policy did the Treaty of More achieve?
internationally rspctd leader & peacemker - overall respect for Henry
38
What was the Treaty of Westminster? When was it?
1527 - Wolsey organised League of Cognac= alliance w France, Pope, Venice & Florence to stop Charles V invdng Italy
39
What foreign policy did the Treaty of Westminster achieve? Why?
Henry = internationally rspctd leader/peacemkr & England not isolated in Europe - Henry gnd power ovr Spain
40
What was the war of France v Spain? When was it?
1528 - France declared war on Spain
41
What foreign policy did the war of France v Spain achieve? Why?
playing Spain & France off agnst each other but damaged Henry's rep as an ally - England gave little help
42
What was the Treaty of Cambrai? When was it?
1529 - Francis made peace w Charles & left England isolated
43
What foreign policy did the Treaty of Cambrai achieve? Why?
none - Henry & Wolsey had not achieved their goals for England = left powerless over Europe & not v wealthy
44
What were positives regarding Wolsey's domestic policy to do with finance?
- raised money for wars - lower class people taxed less than rich
45
Why did Henry enforce new taxation as part of his domestic policies?
needed ££ for wars abroad
46
How did Henry enforce new taxation as part of his domestic policies? give 2 examples
1522-23 - landowners had to lend money -> gov taxes on movable goods =1/15th rural & 1/10 urban
47
What were negatives regarding Wolsey's domestic policies to do with finance?
rich people = angry @ Wosley, as they were taxed the most & land taken
48
Why did Wolsey investigate enclosures?
invstgtd landowners who forced tenant farmers off their land
49
How many cases did Wolsey bring against landowners? In which year?
1517 - 260
50
What was the result of Wolsey's justice for tenant farmers?
angrd ££ landownrs & 1523 - parliament forced him -> stop
51
In what 4 ways did Wolsey improve the justice system?
- strgnthd Star Chamber -encrgd poor -> bring cases -> court - spptrd cases of poor agnst rich - ovrsw court cases himself
52
What was the Star Chamber?
court that gve justice on king's behalf
53
What was the downside to Wolsey's new justice system?
crtcsd by ££ who felt he was seeking revenge on upper class
54
Why the Eltham Ordinances created?
-> tackle misspending & bad mngment of palaces
55
What were 2 features of the Eltham Ordinances?
- no. of Privy Chamber gentleman from 12 -> 6 - sacked servants who = sick or not needed
56
What happened after Wolsey reduced number of men in Privy Chamber?
largely lost interest in other goals
57
What was the positives of the Eltham Ordinances?
saved lots of £££
58
What was the Amicable Grant?
1525 tax that King's subjects had to pay for invasion of France
59
What was the downside to the Amicable Grant? What did this lead to?
people only had 10 weeks -> pay taxes & led to rebellion
60
What the Amicable Grant rebellion? Who was it dispersed by?
led in Suffolk w 10,000 men - Duke of Norfold & Suffolk
61
How did the Amicable Grant rebellion end?
everyone pardoned by King, tax abandoned & Henry postponed French war

GCSE History - Henry VIII (4 decks)

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