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GI 2 > Hepatic Anatomy > Flashcards

Hepatic Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Path of Bile ducts:

A

Right + Left Hepatic ducts–> Common Hepatic duct

+cyctic Duct = Common Bile duct

Joined by main pancreatic duct–>

through SOD and ampula to dudoenum

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2
Q

Right lobe =

Left lobe=

A
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3
Q

What two structures keep teh liver from floating freely in abdomen?

What divides L and Right liver?

A

Coronary ligament on the right lobe + left triangular lobe

the Falciform ligaments divides

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4
Q

Obliterated umbilical vein =

A

Round ligament of liver

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5
Q

What does the only bare area on teh liver come into contact with?

A

adheres to diaphragm

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6
Q

What sections of the liver does the Left hepatic vein feed?

Right hepatic vein?

A

Left: II, III, IV

Right: V, VI, VII, VIII

*parent–> child just section 2 or 3

adult–> adult: 5-8

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7
Q

Why is it hard to damage the pancrease?

A

located retroperitoneal

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8
Q

Where does liver get its blood supply?

A

Hepatic artery (comes off abdominal arota) + portal vein

**hard for liver to be ischemic bc of dual blood supply and 70% comes from hepatic artery

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9
Q

What is the role of the sinusoids in liver?

Where does the liver drain into?

A

This is when blood enters liver and is filtered here.

Will go to Hepatic vein–> Vena Cava

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10
Q

Where are Kupfner cells and what do they do?

A

located in sinusoids; macrophage cells

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11
Q

fenestrated area, blood can exit out of this to enter hepatocytes

A

sinusoids

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12
Q

what kind of organ is the liver?

A

endocrine

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13
Q

What is the funciton of hepatocytes?

A

make lots of shit adn release to space of disse– to sinudoid–> gets distributed

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14
Q

Describe Space of Disse

A

located btwn fenestreations adn hepatocytes

some stuf will get stuck in space of Disse and needs to get drained to lymph nodes

Contains stellate cells

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15
Q

What are stellate cells adn where are they located?

A

Responsible for collagen depostion–> fibrosis–> cirrhosis

In space of Disse

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16
Q

What is a hepactic acinus?

A

Has Zone 1: more virus and shit

zone 3: ischemic area

17
Q

• Mechanism for concentration:
absorption of____, ______ and _______,
leads to concentration of bile salts, cholesterol, lecithin and bilirubin

A

water, sodium and chloride

18
Q

• Cholesterol and
lecithin are solubilized by

• Volume goes from 500 ml to 50 ml

A

bile salts

19
Q

Funciton of Bile Salts:

how does it decrease surface tension?

how does it aid in digetsion of fats?

A

Emulsification

Forming micells

20
Q

Micells are made of

A

Fatty acids, monoglycerides, cholesterol

21
Q

Fatty foods in duodenum results in release of________
That causes gallbladder contraction and emptying in under 1 hour

A

CCK

22
Q

Two functions of CCK

A

gallbladder contraction and emptying in under 1 hour
o CCK also causes relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi

23
Q

What is the role of secretin?

A

Increases HCO3- release from pancrease (decrease pH)

decrease gastric acid secreation

Increases bile secreation specifically at bile duct of HCO3-, Na+, H2O

24
Q

Increases pancreatic secreation, increases GB contraction, Incresas SOD relaxation, decreases gatsric emptying

A

CCK (regulated by FA in teh duodenum)

25
Q

 Acts on biliary epithelium to produce a solution rich in
sodium bicarbonate
o Helps neutralize acids
o Optimizes pancreatic function

A

secretin

26
Q

Pancreatic secretions in
response to chyme in upper small intestine with juice
characteristics dependent on :

A

type of food

27
Q

General anatomy of pancreas

A

appreciate it

28
Q

What does the pancreatic acinus secreate?

What about the pancreatic duct?

A

Acinus secreates digestive enzymes

Duct secreates bicarb

29
Q

What form is trypin secreated in?

What enZ actviate trypsin?

A

 Secreted in inactive form: chymotrypsin,
chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypolypeptidase

30
Q

Proteins —-> proteoses, peptone/polyepetides via what enZ?

A

Pepsin

31
Q

Protesose, Peptonse, Polypepetides–> Polypeptides +AA via What enZ?

A

trypsin, chymotrpysin, carbosypolpeptidase, protealse

32
Q

• Majority of dietary fats are _______= Glycerol nucleus + 3 fatty acid side chains
• Pancreatic lipase digests them w/in 1 min
 Free fatty acids and 2-monoglycerid

A

triglycerides (TG)

33
Q

Role of bile salts in fat digestion

A

Fat acted on by bile –> emulsified fat

emulsifed fat–> pancreatic lipase–> FA + 2 monoglycerides

bile salts form micelles and remove monoglycerides and fatty acids
and transport them to brush border for absorption

34
Q

Key components of bicarb secreation

A

have Na adn HCO3- released into the lumen

need to have carbonic anyhdrase helping out with resorbed CO2 and H2O

This shit will neutralize acids so pancreatic enZ can work

35
Q

•_______- acts on acini to produce
digestive enzymes
•_______- acts on pancreatic duct epithelium
to produce bicarbonate-rich solution

A

Cholecystokinin

Secretin

GI 2 (12 decks)

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