Hepatitis

Question 1

Acute vs. chronic hepatitis

Answer 1

Acute lasting <6 months
Chronic lasting >6 months

Question 2

Conditions and causes of Hepatitis:

Answer 2

Viruses: A,B,C,D,E
Other viruses: EBV, HIV, Lessa fever virus, Yellow fever virus, Adenovirus, HSV, Human herpes-6, Ebola

Question 3

Non viral infectious agents

Answer 3

Brucella
Treponema palladium
Salmonella typhi
Pneumococcal pneumonia
Leptospirosis
Syphilis
Coxiella burnetti
Toxoplasmosis

Question 4

Non infectious causes of Hepatitis

Answer 4

Alcohol
Medications: Dilatin, isoniazid, Ritonavir, chlorpromazine, Refampin
Anesthesia (halothane)

Question 5

Almost all cases of acute viral hepatitis caused by :

Answer 5

5 viral agents: you know them

Question 6

The 5 kinds of viruses may produce clinical similar illness

Answer 6

Asymptomatic to Fulminant and fatal acute infections common to all types

Question 7

Subclinical persistent infections, rapidly progressive chronic liver disease with cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 7

Blood borne (HBV, HCV, HDV)

Question 8

Signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis:

Answer 8

Incubation period:
Fever, rash, arthritis
Pre-icteric:
Same+Anorexia, Malaise, Nausea, and RUQ pain
Icteric: (
Same+Jaundice, itching, dark urine, Clay-colored stool, RUQ pain, Malaise, Anorexia, Nausea
Convalescent Period

Question 9

Invests for HAV

Answer 9

• Serological test: Anti-HAV IgM (appears early) & Anti-HAV IgG
• LFT: ALT & AST
•

Question 10

Clinical features of HAV

Answer 10

>90% Asymptomatic
Abrupt onset
Fever
Malaise
Anorexia
Abdominal discomfort
Jaundice

Question 11

Case fatality rate of HAV

Answer 11

0.3%
If age > 40 years; CFR = 2%

Question 12

Seroprevalence of HAV ++ with age

Answer 12

At age 15, 95% are seropositive

Question 13

Mode of Transmission (HAV)

Answer 13

Feco-oral route
Common source outbreaks
Blood transfusion (rare)

Question 14

Dx and tx of HAV

Answer 14

Clinical pictures+serology
Tx: just supportive with high calorie intake (at morning)