Hepatitis Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

Hepatitis

A
  1. Hepatitis is a viral infection of the liver associated w/ a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic infection through icteric hepatitis to hepatic necrosis
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2
Q

Hepatitis

-Prodromal Phase

A
  1. Anorexia & Fatigue
  2. Nausea & Vomiting
  3. Malaise & headache
  4. Low grade fever
  5. Joint and muscle pain (Arthralgia & myalgia)
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3
Q

Hepatitis

-Icteric Phase

A
  1. RUQ abdominal pain
  2. Dark colored urine
  3. Diarrhea
  4. Jaundice
  5. Pruritus (itching)
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4
Q

Hepatitis

-DIagnostics

A
  1. ALT, AST, ALP, and Serum bilirubin INCREASED
  2. Albumin is DECREASED
  3. Hepatitis antibody and antigen present
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5
Q

Hepatitis

-Specific Diagnostics

A
  1. Liver biopsy to ID intensity of infection and degree of tissue damage
  2. Abdominal x-rays to visualize hepatomegaly, ascites, or spleen enlargement
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6
Q
Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Transmission
A

Fecal-oral via contaminated food, water, shellfish, or direct contact

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7
Q
Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Incubation
A

4 weeks

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8
Q
Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Prevention
A
  1. Good hand hygiene
  2. Not using contaminated water
  3. Vaccination
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9
Q
Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Transmission
A
  1. Blood and body fluids

2. Perinatal

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10
Q
Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Incubation
A

30-180 days

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11
Q
Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Prevention
A
  1. Limit exposure to blood and body fluids

2. Vaccination

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12
Q
Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Complications
A
  1. Chronic hepatitis
  2. Cirrhosis
  3. Liver cancer
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13
Q

Hepatitis C

-Transmission

A
  1. Blood and body fluids
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14
Q

Hepatitis C

-Incubation

A

14-180 days

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15
Q

Hepatitis C

-Prevention

A
  1. Limit exposure to blood and body fluids

2. Teach clients to avoid needle sharing

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16
Q

Hepatitis C

-Complications

A
  1. Chronic hepatitis
  2. Cirrhosis
  3. Liver cancer
17
Q

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Transmission

A
  1. Blood and body fluids

2. Perinatal

18
Q

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Incubation

A

30-180 days – Same as Hepatitis B

19
Q

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Prevention

A

Hepatitis B vaccination

20
Q

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Complications

A
  1. Chronic Hepatitis
  2. Cirrhosis
  3. Fulminant (rapidly progressive) Hepatitis
21
Q

Hepatitis E

-Transmission

22
Q

Hepatitis E

-Incubation

23
Q

Hepatitis E

-Prevention

A
  1. Good hand hygiene
  2. Not using contaminated water
  3. Avoid raw foods
24
Q

Hepatitis E

-Complications

A
  1. Severe in pregnant women
25
Hepatitis Nursing Implications | -Diet
1. Low to moderate protein 2. Frequent small meals throughout day 3. High-calorie, nutrient-dense, low-fat foods
26
Hepatitis Interventions
1. Encourage rest periods 2. Control nausea 3. Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalance -daily weight -encourage fluids AVOID ALCOHOL
27
Hepatitis | -What to avoid
1. AVOID ALCOHOL 2. avoid medications metabolized in the liver - TYLENOL
28
Hepatitis | ...Teaching
1. Monitor clotting and bleeding 2. Teach good hand washing/clean food prep/ safe water 3. Vaccination 4. Persons w/ hepatitis are carriers and can spread disease w/out showing symptoms
29
Hepatitis | -Education Summary
1. Educate about: | Prevention, hygiene, vaccination, safe sex, safe IV drug use
30
Chronic Hepatitis | -Complications
1. Chronic Hepatitis results from B,C, and D 2. Increases risk for liver cancer 3. may cause few symptoms Primary cause of liver damage leading to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver transplantation
31
Chronic Hepatitis | -S/S
1. Malaise and fatigue 2. Hepatomegaly 3. Occasional icteric periods
32
Fulminating Hepatitis
1. Fatal form of hepatitis