herediry Flashcards
(15 cards)
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
heredity
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
dominant trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after dispersing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred
recessive trait
one set of instruction for an inherited trait
genes
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as hair color
allele
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic
phenotype
the entire generic makeup of an organism also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
genotype
the likelihood that a possible fuuture event will occur in any given instance of the event
probability
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells
meiosis
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
sex chromosome
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
pedigree
deoxyribonucler acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
DNA
in a nucleic-acid chain a sub unit that consists of a surge, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
nucleotide
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
mutation
riboncleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
RNA
