Hereditary and Varation

Question 1

Difference between DNA and Chromosomes

Answer 1

A chromosome is a long chain of DNA molecules that contains part of all of the genetic material of an organism. DNA is a fundamental molecule that carries the genetic instruction of all living organisms.

Question 2

What is Mitosis

Answer 2

Mitosis is a type of cell division that happens in our bodies to create new cells for growth, repair, and replacement. It consists of several phases:

Question 3

What is Meiosis

Answer 3

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in the production of sex cells (sperm and egg) for sexual reproduction. It involves two rounds of division, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Question 4

Importance of Meiosis and Mitosis

Answer 4

Mitosis:
Importance: Growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction.

Meiosis:
Importance: Production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.

Question 5

Definition of Terms

Answer 5

Dominant traits are expressed when an individual has one or two copies of the corresponding gene.
Recessive traits are only expressed when an individual has two copies of the corresponding gene.
Homozygous means having two identical copies of a gene (AA or aa).
Heterozygous means having two different copies of a gene (Aa).
Genotype refers to the genetic makeup (AA, aa, Aa).
Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics determined by the genotype.

Question 6

What is Genetic Engineering

Answer 6

Genetic engineering allows scientists to directly manipulate the genetic material of organisms, enabling them to create new possibilities and potentially improve the characteristics or abilities of living things.