heredity Flashcards
heredity
the passing of genectic traits from perent to offspring
Dominant Trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have diffrent traits are bred
Recessive Trait
A recessive trait is the weak, unexpressed trait of a dichotomous pair of alleles (dominant-recessive) that has no effect in the phenotype of heterozygous individuals.
Genes
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins
Alleles
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
Phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
Genotype
The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material. However, the term is often used to refer to a single gene or set of genes
Probability
Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur,
Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells
Sex chromosomes
one of the pair of chromosomes that detimerne the sex of an individual
Pedigree
the recorded ancestry, especially upper-class ancestry, of a person or family. "with a pedigree equal to many of the gentry
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers
Mutations
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA
RNA
Ribonucleic acid is a molecule similar to DNA Unlike DNA RNA is single-stranded An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar and phosphate groups
