heredity Flashcards
(15 cards)
heredity
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offsprings
dominant trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
recessive trait
a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred
gene
one set of instructions for an inherited traits
allele
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic
phenotype
an organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
genotype
the entire genetic makeup of an organsim
probability
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
meiosis
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells
sex chromosome
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
dna
deoxyribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
nucleotide
in a nucleic-acid chain a sub unit that consists of a sugar a phosphate and a sugar a phosphate and a nitrogenous
rna
ribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production
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