heredity Flashcards
(19 cards)
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
heredity
the study of how traits are passing from parents to offspring.
genetics
the selection and breeding of organisms for desired traits
selective breeding
a genetic factor that blocks another genetic factor
dominant trait
a genetic factor that is blocked by the presence of a dominant factor.
recessive trait
the alleles of all the genes on an organisms chromosomes; controls an organisms phenotype.
genotype
how a trait appears or is express
phenotype
a genotype in which the two alleles of a gene are different
heterozygous
a genotype in which two alleles of a gene are the same
homozygous
a cross between two individuals that are hybrids for one trait
monohybrid cross
a model that is used the show the probability of all possible genotypes and phenotype of offspring
punnet square
an inheritance pattern in which an offspring’s phenotype is a combination of the parent’s phenotypes
incomplete dominance
an inheritance pattern in which both alleles an be observed in a phenotype
codomincane
a gene that has more than 2 alleles
multiple alleles
a trait with the allele on an x or y chromosome.
sex-linked trait
an inheritance pattern in which multiple genes determine the phenotype of a trait.
polygenic inheritance
a model that shows genetic traits that were inherited by members of a family.
pedigree
a permanent change in the sequence of DNA, or the nucleotides, in a gene or a chromosome.
mutation
the modification of genetic material of an organism by inserting DNA from another organism
genetic engineering
